The consequences of climate change include extreme heat, drought, catastrophic forest fires, flooding and rising sea levels. In Montréal, the impacts of global warming are already being felt in the form of heat waves, flooding, free-thaw cycles, and the list goes on.

In order to achieve carbon neutrality, Montréal has adopted The Climate Plan 2020–2030, which contains 46 actions— including 16 key actions—grouped into five sectors. Most of these actions should be implemented by 2030. The key actions will have a particularly significant impact in terms of circularity by mobilization, reduction of GHG emissions or adaptation to climate change. As part of the effort to implement them, the City will:

- Mobilize Montrealers 

- Accelerate the adoption of more sustainable modes of transportation (public transit, walking, cycling)

- Reduce the use of fossil fuels in buildings

- Make living environments greener

- Reduce food waste

To monitor the evolution of the Climate Plan 2020–2030, Montréal will publish an annual report on the progress of its actions. It will also track eight indicators:

1. GHG emissions produced by the community and by municipal activities.

2. Consumption of fossil fuels by the citywide community (fuel, diesel, natural gas, oil and propane).

3. Use of different travel modes, including the modal share of automobiles.

4. Percentage of electric vehicles registered in the agglomeration of Montréal.

5. Number of trees planted by the city and its partners (with vulnerable areas prioritized).

6. Area of protected zones.

7. Status of various climate hazards.

8. Area of heat islands.