This collection is being created to regroup all case studies related to the packaging industry (CAT purpose)

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Packaging collection

Business case

Impact on the availability of resources as well as their effect on living organisms, ecosystems, and components of the environment.

Ecological Impact

Impacts on the social fabric of the community and well-being of the individuals and families.

Social Impact

Impact on increased knowledge and understanding as a result of the case study

Increase Awareness

Reduced green house gas emissions released into the biosphere

Reduce Emissions (SDG13)

Minimise waste through diversion: Instead of sending waste to landfill, it is redirected into other industrial processes for handling, treatment, recycling, recovery, or reuse in various forms. 

Minimise waste through design: At the outset of a process of project, plan and design such that there is zero waste or minimal waste during production, use, and at end of life. 

Minimise Waste (SDG12)

Societal Services

Collecting waste from households and businesses by means of refuse bins, wheeled bins, containers, etc., and providing treatment, incineration, materials recovery and reclamation, and disposal of hazardous and non-hazardous waste

Waste Management

Utilise waste streams as a source of secondary resources and recover waste for reuse and recycling

Use waste as a resource

Reuse, repurpose, and recycle waste streams within the same industry

Valorise waste streams - closed loop

Transforming waste products, materials for reuse within the same industry

Closed loop upcycling

Cycle strategies aim to cycle and reuse materials at their highest value: they maximise the volume of secondary materials re-entering the economy, ultimately minimising the need for virgin material inputs and therefore also narrowing flows. Of course, virgin materials will always be needed to a degree: all materials degrade and can’t be cycled infinitely, use energy, and require blending with virgin materials to maintain strength and functionality.

Cycle

Impacts

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Industries

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The principles of a circular economy concern designing out waste, regenerating ecosystems and keeping items in use. Decoupling the economy from material flows—improving the rate of resource productivity faster than the economic growth rate—is also a consistent guide. By evolving with the growing number of applications of circular economy principles, and consolidating these strategies across thematic areas, Circle Economy’s Key Elements Framework (KE) renders the elements of the circular economy salient and serves as a basis to derive contextual strategies and interventions. 


The Framework consists of:
- Core Elements: Activities directly handling product or material flows; and uniquely,
- Enabling Elements: those that remove obstacles for core actors.


Key elements of the circular economy

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Circle Economy's framework of strategies and activities that define the circular economy

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Based on the work of [Bocken et al. (2016)](https://www.researchgate.net/publication/309699661_Product_design_and_business_model_strategies_for_a_circular_economy), the Four Flows Framework serves as a simple framework for managing resource flows in a circular economy by using less (Narrow), using for longer (Slow), using again (Cycle), and using clean, regenerative materials and energy (Regenerate).

These different principles of circular economy can be applied to our socioeconomic metabolism: we can design stocks like buildings, infrastructure, machinery, and vehicles to be rich resource mines for the future, and design manufactured goods and consumables to be cycled and made regenerative. Furthermore, the focus must also centre on getting more value out of fewer materials. Achieving the aims of a circular economy—minimising material use, regenerating the Earth, and preventing material losses—can be done through these four key strategies mentioned above.

Source: Circle Economy. (2023). *[The circularity gap report 2023](https://www.circularity-gap.world/2023)* (p.22). Amsterdam: Circle Economy. 

Four Flows Framework

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             Orange vehicles and overalls: When you're out and about in Nairobi, there's no mistaking the recycling company TakaTaka Solutions. Nairobi's seven million inhabitants produce more than 3,000 tonnes of waste a day. Lots of it ends up on the side of the road, in rivers or is burned. When it is collected, the waste is taken to one of the city’s ever growing landfills. Waste not only dominates the streetscape, but poses a threat to the environment and people's health.  TakaTaka, which is the Swahili word for waste, has opted to take a different approach than other waste disposal enterprises in Nairobi and has developed a system for recycling waste. The company's 200 or so staff – most of them women – sort all incoming waste into roughly 50 different categories that are then passed on to recyclers. Organic waste accounts for around two thirds and is used directly as animal feed or composted for use as fertilizer. An impressive 95 per cent of the 40 tonnes of rubbish TakaTaka collects each day gets recycled in this way. This figure is unparalleled in the Kenyan waste management sector.  TakaTaka receives support through the ExperTS Programme, which places experts with the German Chambers of Commerce Abroad (AHK) on behalf of Germany's Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development (BMZ). Together with the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) GmbH, they help companies grow their business. This is also the case in Nairobi, where the AHK has set up a competence centre for the environment. At the centre, TakaTaka received advice and forged contacts with new business partners, including a hotel chain that now counts as one of its customers. Not least thanks to these new contacts, TakaTaka has been able to recycle an additional 50 tonnes of waste every month since 2017. And the environment is benefiting too: recycling saves energy and resources, which translates into a reduction of around 84,000 tonnes of greenhouse gases each year. That’s equivalent to the annual CO2 consumption of around 1,000 people in Germany.               

       
   We offer waste management services to all types of waste producers Residential houses and apartments, office buildings, restaurants, schools, shopping malls, factories and hospitals.
Cities across East Africa are growing rapidly, yet, the waste management infrastructure to manage the increasing waste amounts does not exist. Current waste disposal methods are extremely harmful to human and environmental health: 50% of the 4,000 tons of waste produced in the Nairobi Metropolitan Area every day remain uncollected. The remaining 50% is dumped at various dumpsites like Dandora. Less than 10% of the waste actually gets recycled.     At TakaTaka Solutions we are changing this by recycling 95% of the waste we manage.
Through our vertically integrated model of waste collection, sorting, recycling, composting and incineration we are able to offer our customers are one-stop-shop that meets the most demanding sustainability standards. Our recycling rate of 95% represent one of the highest recycling rates globally.
And when there are no other recyclers for many waste materials, we invest into our own recycling infrastructure to ensure that almost every waste material gets a second life. This is why we recycle the majority of the waste we collect internally. We compost all organic waste at our own composting plant. We recycle all plastics (other than PET bottles) at one of our two in-house plastic recycling plants: One for plastic containers and one for flexible packaging. And we are constantly looking to add additional recycling infrastructure for other waste fractions.
At TakaTaka Solutions we understand waste as a resource.  
         We employ 50% women across our operations.  
        We manage more than 60 tons of waste every day.  
        We collect from the Greater Nairobi Metropolitan area (Nairobi, Machakos, Kajiado and Kiambu).  
   2011
• waste collection with handcarts
• first small scale composting plant in Kangemi, Nairobi
→ 10 staff, 500kgs of waste per day

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Nairobi

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Takataka Solutions

<p>TakaTaka Solutions is recycling 57 tonnes of waste daily on average in Nairobi instead of having the waste end up in landfills, and therefore polluting the soil, water, and air. They offer easy waste management services on-site for households and businesses and then collect, sort and convert the organic waste into compost, a natural soil amendment, at their composting plant, and process plastic containers and packaging into high-value plastic flakes and pellets at recycling plants.</p>

Takataka Solutions in Nairobi recycles 95% of the waste it collects

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This collection is part of Footprints Africa's work to build a comprehensive database of circular economy initiatives in Africa. 

This is a result of the collaboration with the <a href="https://www.acen.africa" target="_blank">African Circular Economy Network (ACEN)</a>, as part of the programme to support the circular economy transition in Africa. Footprints Africa's vision is that businesses can be a force for good at scale. Their mission is to advance sustainable, scalable and inclusive approaches to development of local African economies. Footprints Africa supports SMEs to adopt future-friendly practices, such as those inspired by the circular economy, to address the challenges of growth and create jobs. 

This open-source dataset features well over 500 cases and 200 examples of policies and laws and intent to collect inspiring examples of initiatives from across Africa, in order to inform the global dialogue, which is largely focused on the European and American context. 

To learn more about Africa's initiatives and content to accelerate the transition to a circular economy, visit https://www.footprintsafrica.co/



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Footprints Africa

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Archetypes

CE Materials

Materials

Nace Sectors

Topics

Urban Opportunities

Whilst no two countries are the same, there are still obvious similarities between some of them, with discernible development patterns and parallels in evidence. Common problems and shared solutions help place unique country identities and individual issues in context.

Whilst this classification is far from clear-cut and exhibits some overlap, it does underline how the discourse on transitioning to a circular economy needs to account for both differences and commonalities, if we are to arrive at a more strategic and instructive analysis. It also allows to highlight a set of key themes that are likely to be central to the countries that fall under the respective profiles. 

Country profiles (Build, Grow, Shift)

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A framework to distinguish between different country profiles and their circular transition needs.

Browse case studies by type of implementing stakeholder.

Implementing stakeholders

It is 2050.  Full systems change has taken place. This wouldn’t have been possible without the immediate action and radical steps taken from 2020 onwards. Many targets had to be identified in the early 2020s and achieved by 2030 to ensure that the 2050 goal happened in full. A sense of urgency, turbo stakeholder collaboration, supportive government regulation and clear, data driven targets enabled the mindsets and systems change needed to transform to a fully circular textiles ecosystem.

A circular economics model underpins what we have created. It reflects and supports a living organism made up of makers, users and restorers, interacting across vibrant and interconnected networks. Checks and balances, alongside transparency and accountability, ensure a healthy system. Financial, environmental, and social metrics have the purpose of serving communities and the planet. There is shared ownership of profit and loss – across all three metrics – throughout the value chain.

This is what we’ve achieved over the last 30 years:

WCTD Themes

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The Circular City Actions Framework provides urban changemakers with five complementary strategies they can use to start working towards a more circular system. 

The framework is action-based to provide users with concrete strategic directions and showcase the desired outcomes of each strategy. 
The framework consists of five complementary **strategies**, under which **sub-strategies** provide further detail. Finally, each sub-strategy consists of a diversity of tangible **solutions** which are framed in relation to key thematic areas. 

Note: solutions are currently focused on:
- 🍏 **Food systems**
- 🏢  **Built environment**
- 👕📱  **Consumer goods**
- ⚡ **Energy Systems**
- 🚌 **Mobility Systems**
- 💧 **Water Systems**

More thematic areas are coming soon...

'Click through each of the five strategy cards below to explore the framework and circular economy case studies in more depth!'



This framework was developed in collaboration with ICLEI, Metabolic and Ellen MacArthur Foundation with support from the MAVA Foundation. Read more about it [here]( https://circulars.iclei.org/action-framework/). 



Circular City Actions Framework

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An action-based framework for local governments working towards circular cities

Thematic Areas

City Stakeholders

Test Framework

Challenges

Based on the ongoing ISO standardisation process, a taxonomy has been defined under which to cluster indicators to measure circularity. 

ISO Taxonomy

If managed well, the transition to the circular economy will have multiple benefits for the labour market, including the opening up of job opportunities, raising job standards and reducing inequalities through a global redistribution of value. But a positive transition to circularity for work and workers must be underpinned by three pillars: upskilling the workforce, quality of work and inclusive job opportunities. Find out more and explore cases that illustrate these pillars below.

Circular Jobs Initiative Pillars

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A positive transition to circularity for work and workers must be underpinned by three core pillars.

This is a survey that dives into understanding the policy environment around specific circular solutions. 

The survey is divided into five sections, based on the five key elements of the Circular Cities Action Framework. 
Each section asks 2-3 questions to explore which policies may or may not be present within your city to support a transition towards a circular economy. 

You are not alone! Each question provides some practical examples from cities around the world that have adopted a certain policy to support their transition. This can help to compare with your city - is your city doing something similar?

The survey answers should be based on your current knowledge, and not illicit additional research - ! Please make use of the Not sure option as appropriate.


Ganbatte Cities Policy Tracker [Food]

Ganbatte Cities - Policy tracker policy instruments

Policy Tracker - TEST

       
   We offer waste management services to all types of waste producers residential houses and apartments, office buildings, restaurants, schools, shopping malls, factories and hospitals.
Cities across East Africa are growing rapidly, yet, the waste management infrastructure to manage the increasing waste amounts does not exist. Current waste disposal methods are extremely harmful to human and environmental health: 50% of the 4,000 tons of waste produced in the Nairobi Metropolitan Area every day remain uncollected. The remaining 50% is dumped at various dumpsites like Dandora. Less than 10% of the waste actually gets recycled.     At TakaTaka Solutions we are changing this by recycling 95% of the waste we manage.
Through our vertically integrated model of waste collection, sorting, recycling, composting and incineration we are able to offer our customers a one-stop-shop that meets the most demanding sustainability standards. Our recycling rate of 95% represents one of the highest recycling rates globally.
And when there are no other recyclers for many waste materials, we invest into our own recycling infrastructure to ensure that almost every waste material gets a second life. This is why we recycle the majority of the waste we collect internally. We compost all organic waste at our own composting plant. We recycle all plastics (other than PET bottles) at one of our two in-house plastic recycling plants: One for plastic containers and one for flexible packaging. And we are constantly looking to add additional recycling infrastructure for other waste fractions.
At TakaTaka Solutions we understand waste as a resource.  
         We employ 50% women across our operations.  
        We manage more than 60 tons of waste every day.  
        We collect from the Greater Nairobi Metropolitan area (Nairobi, Machakos, Kajiado and Kiambu).  
   2011
• waste collection with handcarts
• first small scale composting plant in Kangemi, Nairobi
→ 10 staff, 500kgs of waste per day

Africa

Kenya

Footprints Africa supports SMEs to adopt future-friendly practices, address the challenges of growth and create jobs, using supply chains as a tool for development. 

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<p>Takataka Solutions offers easy, on-site waste management services for households and businesses. They collect, sort, and convert the waste into valuable products. Organic waste is converted into compost at their site, while plastic containers and packaging are processed into high-value plastic flakes and pellets at recycling plants.</p>