Article / Report

Impacts on the social fabric of the community and well-being of the individuals and families.

Social Impact

Impact on increased knowledge and understanding as a result of the case study

Increase Awareness

Impact on the health and happiness of human populations

Well-being

Contribution to social parity, or impact on social disparity

Equality

Societal Services

Providing public and private education and support services at any level or for any profession, and governmental and public administration services, including judicial, regulatory, and legislative activities, taxation, defence, public order and safety, immigration services, foreign affairs and the administration of government programmes

Education and Government Services

Providing electricity and gas services, including traditional and renewable energy generation, natural and manufactured gas and operating gas networks

Energy Utilities and Independent Power Producers

Ensure renewable, reusable, non-toxic resources are utilised as materials and energy in an efficient way

Prioritise regenerative resources

Replace energy sources with less impactful alternatives and enact energy efficiency measures

Regenerative energy

Using renewable energy like solar, wind, etc. or renewable fuels like biomass, etc.

Renewable energy, fuels

'Mobilise' sets the direction of and builds momentum towards long-term change, while also determining how this direction is determined and governed.

Mobilise

Govern the Transition

Regenerate strategies phase out hazardous or toxic materials and processes and substitute them with regenerative biomass resources. A circular economy aims to mimic natural cycles—by shifting to more regenerative farming practices, for example—while also maximising the share of circular biomass that enters the economy. Regeneration can happen both at the systems level (by designing regenerative processes) as well as at the product level (by switching synthetic to organic fertilisers, for example).

Regenerate

Impacts

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Industries

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A framework of policy instruments that enabled and encourage the transition to the circular economy

Policies

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A framework of policy instruments that enable and stimulate the transition to the circular economy

The principles of a circular economy concern designing out waste, regenerating ecosystems and keeping items in use. Decoupling the economy from material flows—improving the rate of resource productivity faster than the economic growth rate—is also a consistent guide. By evolving with the growing number of applications of circular economy principles, and consolidating these strategies across thematic areas, Circle Economy’s Key Elements Framework (KE) renders the elements of the circular economy salient and serves as a basis to derive contextual strategies and interventions. 


The Framework consists of:
- Core Elements: Activities directly handling product or material flows; and uniquely,
- Enabling Elements: those that remove obstacles for core actors.


Key elements of the circular economy

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Circle Economy's framework of strategies and activities that define the circular economy

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Based on the work of [Bocken et al. (2016)](https://www.researchgate.net/publication/309699661_Product_design_and_business_model_strategies_for_a_circular_economy), the Four Flows Framework serves as a simple framework for managing resource flows in a circular economy by using less (Narrow), using for longer (Slow), using again (Cycle), and using clean, regenerative materials and energy (Regenerate).

These different principles of circular economy can be applied to our socioeconomic metabolism: we can design stocks like buildings, infrastructure, machinery, and vehicles to be rich resource mines for the future, and design manufactured goods and consumables to be cycled and made regenerative. Furthermore, the focus must also centre on getting more value out of fewer materials. Achieving the aims of a circular economy—minimising material use, regenerating the Earth, and preventing material losses—can be done through these four key strategies mentioned above.

Source: Circle Economy. (2023). *[The circularity gap report 2023](https://www.circularity-gap.world/2023)* (p.22). Amsterdam: Circle Economy. 

Four Flows Framework

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The Lighting Africa program has done an exceptional job in building the foundation of the off-grid market space and will help propel the African continent to achieve universal access for all. Charles Feinstein, Director of Energy and Extractives Global Practice, The World Bank



The joint IFC-World Bank Lighting Africa program has set itself the ambitious and important target of enabling more than 250 million people across sub-Saharan Africa currently living without electricity to gain access to clean, affordable, quality-verified off-grid lighting and energy products by 2030. Our aim is to achieve this by catalyzing the market through a number of different activities across the supply chain:
 Lighting Africa conducts market research and publishes reports on the findings, demonstrating the extensive opportunities presented by the off-grid market in sub-Saharan Africa and providing critical data to help manufacturers, distributors and retailers to make informed business decisions.
Quality Assurance
A cornerstone of the IFC-World Bank Lighting Africa program is our dedication to quality. The purchase of an off-grid lighting product or Solar Home System can represent a significant investment for a family in sub-Saharan Africa, and consumers simply can’t afford to purchase something that doesn’t work well or won’t last. In order to protect consumers from poor-quality products and prevent the eroding of consumer confidence in off-grid products in the process, we developed a series of Quality Standards and testing methods. As our program has been replicated in other continents, the coordination and testing of these Quality Standards has been moved to our affiliated program, Lighting Global.
Access to Finance
Access to finance all along the supply chain has been identified as a critical need for the functioning and growth of the off-grid lighting and solar home system (SHS) market. From distributors who need working capital to hold adequate product stocks, to consumers needing credit to make a purchase, Lighting Africa facilitates and leverages financial products to help provide the capital that is needed.
Consumer Education
For the off-grid lighting products and solar home system market to grow and thrive, consumers need to be aware of the advantages that these products provide over fuel-based sources. To educate potential end-users on the many benefits of quality off-grid lighting and energy products, Lighting Africa produces consumer education materials and conducts consumer education campaigns in partnership with manufacturers and distributors.
Business Development Support
The off-grid lighting market has been typified by remarkable innovation and novelty, and largely driven by social entrepreneurs. Lighting Africa provides advice to players in this sector on best business practices, corporate governance and risk management, while supporting innovative business models that expand energy access at the base of the pyramid (BOP).
Lighting Africa also works with governments towards removing policy and regulatory market entry barriers in order to increase access to clean energy, and to foster a vibrant competitive market for off-grid energy products. We also work with governments to integrate modern off-grid energy products into their rural electrification programs.  

 
The Lighting Africa – Nigeria program was launched in March 2015 to increase access to better, cleaner and safer off-grid lighting and energy products for the rural and peri-urban populations with no access to the grid. Our key objectives from the outset of the program were to help six million people gain access to clean, modern, affordable lighting products, while avoiding 120,000 metric tons of greenhouse gas emissions.

To achieve these goals, we work in collaboration with manufacturers, distributors, retailers, financial institutions, government agencies, consumers, and other stakeholders to develop markets and tackle the barriers to the adoption of cleaner energy sources among the base-of-the-pyramid (BoP) population.
Creating awareness
To create awareness, we have carried out numerous consumer education campaigns in Nigeria using a combination of road shows, market storms, radio advertising and product presentation forums to increase awareness of solar lanterns and solar home systems (SHS). As of December 2018, over 50 million people across 21 states had been exposed to our campaigns.

Meeting demand
With increased awareness comes increased demand – yet impediments to access remain. Lighting Africa is working to address issues including distribution and financing bottlenecks.
BoP consumers typically spend more on the lifecycle cost for traditional lighting sources, such as kerosene lamps (due to recurring fuel expenditures), than what they would spend on average for a solar lantern. Yet they often find it difficult to shoulder the initial upfront costs, which hampers their ability to switch to cleaner energy sources. To address this constraint, we are collaborating with 14 microfinance (MFI) banks in Nigeria, offering basic knowledge training on products meeting our standards to MFI employees.  They in turn introduce the products to their customers, enabling the MFIs to provide micro-loans to their customers to purchase solar lanterns and SHS. Retailers and distributors also face financing challenges and can benefit from these loans. The MFIs have, as of December 2018, given out about 100,000 loans that combined are worth approximately US$3.4 million.
A robust distribution channel that reaches rural consumers was also lacking. Thus, we have set up a retail channel development program to expand the distribution footprint of solar lanterns and SHS by training retailers in different areas of Nigeria. This effort has brought over 6,000 new retailers into the value chain. We also support these private sector actors by creating business-to-business linkages through events connecting manufacturers with distributors, and distributors with retailers.
To ensure that consumers continue to enjoy the benefits of their investment in solar products, the program has trained over 300 technicians to provide after-sales maintenance.
Expanding across the country
Nigeria is a big country with 36 states. Our market development work has reached 21 of these States, using a combination of consumer education activities, retail channel development, and consumer access to finance.


The Lighting Africa Program in Nigeria, in collaboration with other stakeholders, has laid the foundation for what will arguably become Africa’s largest off-grid solar market in a few years. The market has taken off. But most importantly, the real reward of our work is the transformation seen in the lives of low-income consumers. Their businesses can stay open for longer. Their children can study conveniently at night. And some of them are already looking for the next set of solutions up the energy ladder as they appreciate the savings they have realized by switching to solar. It’s amazing. Allwell Nwankwo, Program Manager, Lighting Africa – Nigeria


Looking forward
In order to build on what has already been achieved in off-grid electrification in Nigeria, we will be supporting two ambitious projects; the Regional Off-Grid Electrification Project (ROGEP), and the Nigeria Electrification Project (NEP).
ROGEP
Nigeria is one of two pilot countries under the Regional Off-Grid Electrification Project (ROGEP), and will serve to identify suitable and sustainable mechanisms to electrify public institutions. ROGEP will aim to increase electricity access to households, businesses, and communities through modern off-grid electrification in the 15 Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) countries (Benin, Burkina Faso, Cabo Verde, Côte d’Ivoire, the Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Liberia, Mali, Niger, Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leone, and Togo) as well as Cameroon, the Central African Republic (CAR), Chad, and Mauritania.
Lighting Africa will support ROGEP by working with both the national governments and the private sector to make quality-verified off-grid solar lighting and energy products more readily available in West Africa. We will work closely with the ECOWAS Centre for Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency (ECREEE), ROGEP’s implementing agency, to draw new actors to the market, and support existing players in growing their sales.
The Nigeria Electrification Project (NEP)
Through the Nigeria Electrification Project (NEP) the World Bank is providing a US $350 million loan to the Government of Nigeria, to be used solely  to increase access to off-grid electrification. US$75 million of this comprises an investment fund to encourage market growth to enable faster uptake of SHS (6Wp and above).
The Market Scale Up Challenge Fund will offer up-front grants to existing qualified, large-scale providers to accelerate their sales to households and M/SMEs. Grant recipients will be required to meet quarterly milestones including demonstrating they can leverage the grant for mobilizing other sources of financing (debt and equity) to receive tranche based payouts. This evaluation process will serve to protect against non-performance risk, while simultaneously reducing risk to investors. Together this will help mobilize capital for firms with a proven track record to bring clean, safe, modern energy services to more consumers, quickly.
At the same time, an Output Based Fund will focus on enabling strong new entrants and capable Nigerian start-up firms with an ability to successfully service customers, to get a start in this vibrant market. Grants of up to 15-20% of the cost of an eligible installed SHS will be provided, so that firms can invest in the training, advertising, processes, and logistics needed to run their business. The amount of each grant is fixed for each system size/level of service category, and continually reduced over the 5-year span of the program as the market grows.
NEP is also implementing a quality assurance framework for component based systems. These systems are not currently covered by Lighting Global Quality Standards – but we are working closely with the Quality Assurance team to work on this framework with a goal to harmonize them at the global level in due time.
In order enable faster growth and uptake of SHS we are coordinating with other donors to develop complementary financing from investors, financial institutions, and development organizations.
By working towards narrowing the financing gap we can give an important and sustainable leg-up to the off-grid lighting and energy sector in Nigeria – so that each of the  6 million people we set-out to reach can have access to a clean, safe, and affordable energy source.
Page & Impact last updated March 2019 

Tanzania

Sierra Leone

Kenya

Nigeria

Ghana

Ethiopia

Rwanda

Uganda

Ivory Coast

Burkina Faso

Senegal

Madagascar

Benin

Cameroon

Gambia

Chad

DR Congo

Burundi

Guinea

Cabo Verde

Central African Republic

Guinea-Bissau

Mali

Niger

Liberia

Mauritania

Togo

Somalia

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International Finance Corporation

World Bank

World Bank Group

The Lighting Africa program has set the target of enabling more than 250 million people across sub-Saharan Africa currently living without electricity to gain access to clean, affordable, quality-verified off-grid lighting and energy products by 2030.&nbsp;Furthermore, the Lighting Africa project increases awareness about solar energy across the continent. For instance, in Nigeria, they carried out numerous consumer education campaigns using a combination of roadshows, market storms, radio advertising and product presentation forums to increase awareness of solar lanterns and solar home systems (SHS).

Off-grid solar energy - Lighting Africa

Policy case

Impact on the availability of resources as well as their effect on living organisms, ecosystems, and components of the environment.

Ecological Impact

Minimise waste through diversion: Instead of sending waste to landfill, it is redirected into other industrial processes for handling, treatment, recycling, recovery, or reuse in various forms. 

Minimise waste through design: At the outset of a process of project, plan and design such that there is zero waste or minimal waste during production, use, and at end of life. 

Minimise Waste (SDG12)

Reduced use and withdrawal of water and rate of recycling and reuse of water

Save Water (SDG6)

Providing water and sewage services, including water collection and distribution, water treatment systems and sewage treatment facilities

Water and Sewage

Collecting waste from households and businesses by means of refuse bins, wheeled bins, containers, etc., and providing treatment, incineration, materials recovery and reclamation, and disposal of hazardous and non-hazardous waste

Waste Management

Work together throughout the supply chain, internally within organisations and with the public sector and communities to increase transparency and create joint value

Team up to create joint value

Engage with the government on circular policies and programmes

Government collaboration

Participating in government programmes that support and advance the circular economy

Government programmes

Participatory governance mechanisms

 IDA Scale-Up Facility Credit: US $315 million equivalentMaturity: 30 years    Grace: 9 yearsProject ID P168308Project Objectives Description: The development objectives of the project are to reduce vulnerability to flooding in selected urban areas and improve solid waste management in targeted municipalities.For more information about this project, visit https://projects.worldbank.org/en/projects-operations/project-detail/P168308






 Projektmeldung

 Côte d'Ivoire
 Beratung Öffentlicher Sektor
 
06.07.2020  



Land
Côte d'Ivoire


Finanzierung
Internationale Entwicklungsorganisation / International Development Association (IDA)


Kategorie
Beratung Öffentlicher Sektor


Träger
Ministry of Sanitation


Die Internationale Entwicklungsorganisation (IDA) gewährte der Regierung Cote d’Ivoires einen Kredit in Höhe von 315 Mio. US-Dollar zur Finanzierung eines Stadtentwicklungsprojekts. Dieses soll bis Oktober 2026 abgeschlossen sein und konzentriert sich auf Maßnahmen zum Hochwasserschutz sowie zur Abfallentsorgung. Weiterhin ist die Unterstützung des Projektmanagements geplant.  
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Africa

Abidjan

Due to rapid urban growth in the Ivory Coast, the municipalities could not grant basic sanitation, solid waste management (SWM), and stormwater infrastructure facilities in the urban sector for its citizens. To tackle this problem, the World Bank Group developed objectives to reduce vulnerability to flooding in selected urban areas and improve solid waste management. The project aims to address current and future flood risk in the city of Abidjan and selected secondary cities.

Cote d'Ivoire - Urban Resilience and Solid Waste Management Project

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This collection features a selection of inspiring examples of the circular economy in the water sector, compiled in the context of the World Bank's Water in Circular Economy and Resilience (WICER) Initiative, presenting the WICER framework together with global case studies that show the benefits of becoming circular and resilient.

WICER is an initiative by the World Bank's [Water Global Practice](https://www.worldbank.org/en/topic/water) to establish a common understanding of the definitions and applications of circular economy and resilience principles in the urban water sector, and to promote the implementation of those principles in our projects and when working with governments and partners around the world

As part of the initiative, the Water in Circular Economy and Resilience (WICER) Framework has been developed which describes the key actions needed to achieve three main outcomes: 1) deliver resilient and inclusive services, 2) design out waste and pollution, and 3) preserve and regenerate natural systems. As part of the initiative, case studies have also been developed, showcasing best practices around the world, and guidelines and other relevant material have been compiled to help cities accelerate the transition to a circular economy. 

The initiative sets out to demystify the circular economy in water by showing that both high-income and low-income countries can benefit from it. Circular and resilient cities are crucial to achieve the SDGs.

 This initiative is supported by the [Global Water Security & Sanitation Partnership (GWSP)](https://www.worldbank.org/en/programs/global-water-security-sanitation-partnership).

To learn more about Water in Circular Economy and Resilience (WICER) Initiative visit [https://www.worldbank.org/wicer ](https://www.worldbank.org/wicer)

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Water in Circular Economy and Resilience

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Direct and indirect reduction in economic costs

Cost Savings

Direct and indirect effects that increase revenues or the potential for new revenues, for example from new products, customer segments, partnerships or business models

Revenue Potential

Reduced green house gas emissions released into the biosphere

Reduce Emissions (SDG13)

Reduced use of fossil fuel energy sources and/or increased use of renewable energy

Reduce Energy Consumption

Contributing to the improvement of biodiversity including species diversity, total number of protected species, and ecosystem health

Biodiversity

Replacing freshwater use with rainwater, fogwater, seawater, etc.

Alternative water use

Enacting measures that optimise water use

Water efficiency

Enacting measures that optimise energy use

Energy efficiency

Collection programmes that process products and parts for reuse or recycling within the same industry

Closed loop collection

Recovering and reusing waste heat, gas, etc. for energy

Recovery and reuse of waste energy

Designing products so they produce as little waste as possible during production

Design for minimal waste

Designing products so they use as little materials, water, energy, etc. as possible during use

Design for resource efficiency

Designing products to be reused for the same or different purposes in multiple lifecycles

Design for reuse

Data, knowledge & information sharing

 

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        Rethinking urban water through the circular economy and resilience lenses offers an opportunity to transform the urban water sector and deliver water supply and sanitation services in a more sustainable, inclusive, efficient, and resilient way. Circular Economy principles have emerged as a response to the current unsustainable linear model of "take, make, consume, and waste." In a circular economy, the full value of water – as a service, an input to processes, a source of energy and a carrier of nutrients and other materials – is recognized and captured. This report presents the Water in Circular Economy and Resilience (WICER) Framework together with global case studies that show the benefits of becoming circular and resilient. It describes the key actions needed to achieve three main outcomes: 1) deliver resilient and inclusive services, 2) design out waste and pollution, and 3) preserve and regenerate natural systems. The report sets out to demystify circular economy by showing that both high-income and low-income countries can benefit from it.  





   “Delgado, Anna; Rodriguez, Diego J.; Amadei, Carlo A.; Makino, Midori. 2021. Water in Circular Economy and Resilience. © World Bank, Washington, DC. http://hdl.handle.net/10986/36254 License: CC BY 3.0 IGO.” 

 
 

 
 

 

 

 

 
 
 

 

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Circular economy has emerged as a response to the unsustainable linear model of “take, make, consume, and waste”. Yet so far, the water sector has not been systematically included in high-level circular economy strategy discussions and has not fully reaped the potential benefits. Circular economy principles offer an opportunity to recognize and capture the full value of water - as a service, an input to processes, a source of energy, a carrier of materials - and to make the sector more sustainable financially and environmentally, while enhancing resilience to climate change and mitigating emissions. This report presents the Water in Circular Economy and Resilience (WICER) Framework to establish a common understanding of circular economy and resilience principles in the water sector. The Framework grew out of a literature review and was informed by lessons learned from global case studies and from the knowledge of the World Bank. The report aims to clarify how circular economy principles can be applied in the water sector, and to guide practitioners, especially from governments in low- and middle-income countries, with a clear long-term plan to become circular and resilient. The framework describes the nine key actions needed to achieve three main outcomes: (1) deliver resilient and inclusive water services; (2) design out waste and pollution; and (3) preserve and regenerate natural systems. The novelty of the proposed framework is that it goes beyond reusing and recovering resources from wastewater, and it presents a more holistic approach for water and sanitation services, considering a water basin approach and including resiliency principles, climate mitigation strategies and inclusiveness – all of which are particularly relevant in the context of developing countries.

Water in Circular Economy and Resilience (WICER) Framework -  Report

Impact on the ease of innovation, and facilitating uptake of innovations

Innovation

Utilise waste streams as a source of secondary resources and recover waste for reuse and recycling

Use waste as a resource

Replace freshwater with less impactful alternatives and enact water efficiency measures

Regenerative water

Recover waste energy or generate fuels and energy from waste streams

Energy recovery from waste

**Ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages**

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The pandemic and other ongoing crises are hindering progress in achieving SDG3, exacerbating existing health inequalities and threatening progress toward universal health coverage. 
As a result, 68 million children are known to be un or under-vaccinated as of 2022 from TB and malaria increased. This has been particularly challenging in low- and middle-income countries, where health systems were already under-resourced before the pandemic. 

The goal targets to :
- reduce the global maternal mortality ratio;
- end preventable deaths of newborns and children; 
- end the epidemics of AIDS, tuberculosis, malaria, and other communicable diseases; 
- reduce mortality from non-communicable diseases; 
- strengthen the prevention and treatment of substance abuse; 
- halve the number of deaths and injuries from road traffic accidents; 
- ensure universal access to sexual and reproductive healthcare services; 
- achieve universal health coverage; 
- reduce the number of deaths and illnesses from hazardous chemicals and pollution;
- strengthen the implementation of the World Health Organization Framework Convention on Tobacco Control in all countries, as appropriate; 
- support the research and development of vaccines and medicines for the communicable and non-communicable diseases that primarily affect developing countries, provide access to affordable essential medicines and vaccines;
- substantially increase health financing and the recruitment, development, training and retention of the health workforce in developing countries, especially in least developed countries and small island developing States;
- strengthen the capacity of all countries, in particular developing countries, for early warning, risk reduction and management of national and global health risks.

Sources: [https://sdgs.un.org/goals/goal3](https://sdgs.un.org/goals/goal3)
[https://sdgs.un.org/topics/health-and-population](https://sdgs.un.org/topics/health-and-population)  



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3. Good health and well-being   

Ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages

**Ensure availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all**

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Billions of people still lack access to safe water, sanitation, and hygiene, despite improvement in the provision of these basic services. Water scarcity is a growing problem in many parts of the world, and conflicts and climate change are exacerbating the issue. 
Water and sanitation are at the core of sustainable development, and the range of services they provide underpin poverty reduction, economic growth, and environmental sustainability. However, in recent decades overexploitation, pollution, and climate change have led to severe water stress in locales across the world.  
In addition, water pollution is a significant challenge that affects both human health and the environment in many countries. 

Today, 2.2 billion people lack access to safely managed drinking water, and more than 4.2 billion people lack safely managed sanitation. Climate change is exacerbating the situation, with increasing disasters such as floods and droughts. 80 percent of wastewater in the world flows back into the ecosystem without being treated or reused, and 70 percent of the world’s natural wetland extent has been lost, including a significant loss of freshwater species. 

The COVID-19 pandemic poses an additional impediment, impairing access for billions of people to safely manage drinking water, sanitation, and hygiene services – services desperately needed to prevent the virus from spreading. 

Boosting infrastructure investment, improving cross-sectoral coordination, and addressing climate change are key to getting SDG6 back on track.

Sources: [https://sdgs.un.org/goals/goal6](https://sdgs.un.org/goals/goal6)
[https://sdgs.un.org/topics/water-and-sanitation](https://sdgs.un.org/topics/water-and-sanitation)



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6. Clean water and sanitation  

Ensure availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all

**Make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable**

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The pandemic has caused major shifts in migration patterns, including huge movements of people in and out of urban areas. Furthermore, climate change and conflicts tend to have disproportionate impacts on cities. These factors mean that the world is far from achieving the goal of sustainable cities.  
In many developing countries, slum populations have been growing, putting at risk the target of adequate housing for all by 2030. Since 2015, the number of countries with national disaster risk reduction strategies has more than doubled. 

Cities are hubs for ideas, commerce, culture, science, productivity, and social, human and economic development. Urban planning, transport systems, water, sanitation, waste management, disaster risk reduction, access to information, education and capacity-building are all relevant issues to sustainable urban development.

This target entails multiple essential concepts such as disaster risk reduction (DRR) and sustainable transport.

To achieve SDG 11, efforts must focus on strengthening capacities for planning for urban development, improving access to public transportation, and enhancing waste management. 

Sources: [https://sdgs.un.org/goals/goal11](https://sdgs.un.org/goals/goal11)
[https://sdgs.un.org/topics/sustainable-cities-and-human-settlements](https://sdgs.un.org/topics/sustainable-cities-and-human-settlements)


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11. Sustainable cities and communities

Make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable

**Take urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts**

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The science is clear: our climate is heating rapidly. The average global temperatures have increased by 1.2 degrees Celsius since 1880, particularly in the late 20th century. The concentration of atmospheric CO2, the GHG that contributes more than 2/3 to global warming, is at its highest level ever. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) steadily points out that human activities have warmed the atmosphere, ocean and land, producing widespread and rapid changes in the atmosphere, ocean, cryosphere and biosphere. 

Without transformative action starting now and within this decade to reduce greenhouse gas emissions deeply and rapidly in all sectors, the 1.5°C target will be at risk and with it the lives of more than 3 billion people. 
According to IPCC, warming beyond 1.5 degrees could have irreversible and irreparable consequences. However, effective and equitable adaptation and mitigation actions can significantly reduce vulnerability and contribute to climate resilience. To limit global warming to well below 2, preferably 1.5 degrees Celsius, compared to pre-industrial levels, countries came together to hold themselves accountable under the Paris Agreement. 

Failure to act leads to intensifying heat waves, droughts, flooding, wildfires, sea-level rise, and famines. Emissions should already be decreasing now and will need to be cut almost by half by 2030 - a mere seven years from now. 


To combat climate change and its impacts by 2030, urgent and transformative action is needed to meet the commitments under the Paris Agreement across mitigation and adaptation efforts.

Sources: [https://sdgs.un.org/goals/goal13](https://sdgs.un.org/goals/goal13)
[https://sdgs.un.org/topics/climate-action-synergies](https://sdgs.un.org/topics/climate-action-synergies)

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13. Climate action

Take urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts

Cycle strategies aim to cycle and reuse materials at their highest value: they maximise the volume of secondary materials re-entering the economy, ultimately minimising the need for virgin material inputs and therefore also narrowing flows. Of course, virgin materials will always be needed to a degree: all materials degrade and can’t be cycled infinitely, use energy, and require blending with virgin materials to maintain strength and functionality.

Cycle

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**These 17 Goals recognize that ending poverty and other deprivations must go hand-in-hand with strategies that improve health and education, reduce inequality, and spur economic growth – all while tackling climate change and working to preserve our oceans and forests.**

The SDGs build on decades of work by countries and the UN, and especially on the Millennium Declaration adopted in September 2000 at UN Headquarters in New York which let to the elaboration of eight Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) to reduce extreme poverty by 2015.

In 2015, the Paris Agreement was signed. A major blueprint came out of this: The Sustainable Development Goals: 17 overarching goals—and 169 targets—that governments are aiming to meet by 2030. Significant progress has been made in terms of poverty, health and inequality, but there's still a way to go. This is where the circular economy comes in: by circulating resources multiple times, the circular economy tackles issues of scarcity and allows all to access what they need—without overburdening the earth. If it's implemented in a holistic way—affording attention to social considerations and the fair distribution of resources— it also offers a pathway for achieving the SDGs; and the link between the two is ever-growing. To read more about the link between the SDGs and the circular economy, click [here](https://www.circle-economy.com/blogs/how-the-circular-economy-can-help-us-reach-the-sustainable-development-goals).

It is the Division for Sustainable Development Goals (DSDG) in the United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs (UNDESA) which provides substantive support and capacity-building for the SDGs and their related thematic issues. TheDSDG plays a key role in the evaluation of UN systemwide implementation of the 2030 Agenda and in advocacy and outreach activities relating to the SDGs. In order to make the 2030 Agenda a reality, broad ownership of the SDGs must translate into a strong commitment by all stakeholders to implement the global goals. DSDG aims to help facilitate this engagement.
Alongside this, the annual High-level Political Forum on Sustainable Development serves as the central UN platform for the follow-up and review of the SDGs.
In addition, the UN Secretary-General presents an annual SDG Progress report, which is developed in cooperation with the UN System, and based on the global indicator framework and data produced by national statistical systems and information collected at the regional level.

To read more information: [https://sdgs.un.org/goals](https://sdgs.un.org/goals)

Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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ABOUT THE WICER TOOL:The World Bank has developed the&nbsp;<a href="https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/36254" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">Water in Circular Economy and Resilience (WICER) Framework</a>&nbsp;to guide practitioners achieve three main outcomes: 1) deliver resilient and inclusive services, 2) design out waste and pollution, and 3) preserve and regenerate natural systems. The purpose of this WICER quick assessment tool is to familiarize the user with the WICER concept, help assess if the project, system or city is WICER and finally present solutions, guidelines and resources to become circular and resilience while achieving economic and financial benefits.CHECK THE TOOL HERE: <a href="https://www.wicer-tool.com/" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">https://www.wicer-tool.com/ </a>