This collection is being created to regroup all case studies related to the packaging industry (CAT purpose)

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Packaging collection

Business case

Impact on the availability of resources as well as their effect on living organisms, ecosystems, and components of the environment.

Ecological Impact

Producing agricultural products and processing them into food and beverageproducts for consumption

Agri/Food

Ensure renewable, reusable, non-toxic resources are utilised as materials and energy in an efficient way

Prioritise regenerative resources

Utilise waste streams as a source of secondary resources and recover waste for reuse and recycling

Use waste as a resource

Work together throughout the supply chain, internally within organisations and with the public sector and communities to increase transparency and create joint value

Team up to create joint value

'Inform' increases the overall levels of awareness and builds the necessary skills and knowledge around the circular economy to foster long-term change.

Inform

Data, knowledge & information sharing

Increase standardised data collection

Information campaigns

Regenerate strategies phase out hazardous or toxic materials and processes and substitute them with regenerative biomass resources. A circular economy aims to mimic natural cycles—by shifting to more regenerative farming practices, for example—while also maximising the share of circular biomass that enters the economy. Regeneration can happen both at the systems level (by designing regenerative processes) as well as at the product level (by switching synthetic to organic fertilisers, for example).

Regenerate

Cycle strategies aim to cycle and reuse materials at their highest value: they maximise the volume of secondary materials re-entering the economy, ultimately minimising the need for virgin material inputs and therefore also narrowing flows. Of course, virgin materials will always be needed to a degree: all materials degrade and can’t be cycled infinitely, use energy, and require blending with virgin materials to maintain strength and functionality.

Cycle

Impacts

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Industries

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A framework of policy instruments that enabled and encourage the transition to the circular economy

Policy Instruments

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A framework of policy instruments that enable and stimulate the transition to the circular economy

The principles of a circular economy concern designing out waste, regenerating ecosystems and keeping items in use. Decoupling the economy from material flows—improving the rate of resource productivity faster than the economic growth rate—is also a consistent guide. By evolving with the growing number of applications of circular economy principles, and consolidating these strategies across thematic areas, Circle Economy’s Key Elements Framework (KE) renders the elements of the circular economy salient and serves as a basis to derive contextual strategies and interventions. 


The Framework consists of:
- Core Elements: Activities directly handling product or material flows; and uniquely,
- Enabling Elements: those that remove obstacles for core actors.


Key elements of the circular economy

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Circle Economy's framework of strategies and activities that define the circular economy

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Based on the work of [Bocken et al. (2016)](https://www.researchgate.net/publication/309699661_Product_design_and_business_model_strategies_for_a_circular_economy), the Four Flows Framework serves as a simple framework for managing resource flows in a circular economy by using less (Narrow), using for longer (Slow), using again (Cycle), and using clean, regenerative materials and energy (Regenerate).

These different principles of circular economy can be applied to our socioeconomic metabolism: we can design stocks like buildings, infrastructure, machinery, and vehicles to be rich resource mines for the future, and design manufactured goods and consumables to be cycled and made regenerative. Furthermore, the focus must also centre on getting more value out of fewer materials. Achieving the aims of a circular economy—minimising material use, regenerating the Earth, and preventing material losses—can be done through these four key strategies mentioned above.

Source: Circle Economy. (2023). *[The circularity gap report 2023](https://www.circularity-gap.world/2023)* (p.22). Amsterdam: Circle Economy. 

Four Flows Framework

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            Building a more sustainable food industry through ecolabelling  The world is facing unprecedented challenges in reversing climate change and feeding a growing global population.   Now is the time to act.        Our global food system is responsible for 70% freshwater consumption, one third of greenhouse gas emissions, 80% biodiversity loss and 90% global deforestation.
With population growing across the globe, food demand is expected to increase by more than 70% in the next 30 years, putting immense pressure on our planet’s resources.        Foundation Earth is developing a robust, data-driven environmental scoring system for food products, helping businesses innovate in a more sustainable way and transforming food systems for the better. The result is a front-of-pack ecolabel that provides consumers with the clear and credible information they need to make more sustainable buying choices.  Together, we can build a more sustainable food industry.                                                           

Europe

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Foundation Earth

Consumer choices are important for the transition to a sustainable agrifood sector. However, food packaging labels are often not communicating products’ environmental impacts. There are 147 distinct labeling methods throughout Europe, which is confusing to both consumers and manufacturers.By developing a single, straightforward, and systematised environmental label, Foundation Earth hopes to empower customers to compare products and make educated decisions that are better for the environment.Several companies, including Nestlé, Finnebrogue, Greencore, The Meatless Farm, and Marks and Spencer are participating in the pilot initiative to implement the labels on their product packaging.