The circular economy is a systems solution framework that tackles global challenges like climate change, biodiversity loss, waste, and pollution. It is based on three principles, driven by design: eliminate waste and pollution, circulate products and materials at their highest value, and regenerate nature.

Circular public procurement is the process by which the public sector purchases products and services according to the three principles of the circular economy. It is a powerful tool that city governments can use to shape the transition towards a circular economy. With public procurement accounting for 15-20% of global GDP and sub-national governments being responsible for almost 50% of procurement decisions, city governments have an important role in shaping local circular economies.

Circular economy principles and criteria can be applied to purchase various products and services such as buildings, furniture, food, and packaging among others. By focusing on the desired outcomes and benefits, rather than the products needed, city governments can leverage their purchasing power to build thriving, liveable, and resilient cities. For example, instead of procuring vehicle fleets, city governments can procure access to more sustainable mobility solutions that reduce congestion and air pollution. Through circular procurement, city governments can reconsider what they buy and how they buy to achieve the best desired outcomes.

For each step of the framework, you will find:

Questions to consider to help you and your colleagues reflect on the different actions that your city or organisation might need to take throughout the procurement process. Not all questions will be relevant to every city and these questions are not exhaustive.

Examples illustrating how other city governments from around the world have implemented certain elements of circular economy procurement activities and links to explore further. While some examples are not specifically on circular public procurement, they showcase relevant best practices.

Resources