Business case

Impact on increased knowledge and understanding as a result of the case study

Increase Awareness

Direct and indirect reduction in economic costs

Cost Savings

Reduced green house gas emissions released into the biosphere

Reduce Emissions (SDG13)

Producing transporation equipment and providing services for thetransportation of goods and people

Transportation and Logistics

Providing air, water, rail, and land transportation for passengers, such as airlines, airports, ferries, cruise-ships, tour boat operators, marine ports, railways, train stations, tour bus operators, vehicle rental, and taxi companies, travel agencies and related services

Passenger Transport Services

While resources are in-use, maintain, repair and upgrade them to maximise their lifetime and give them a second life through take back strategies when applicable

Stretch the lifetime

Consider opportunities to create greater value and align incentives that build on the interaction between products and services

Rethink the business model

Account for the systems perspective during the design process, to use the right materials, to design for appropriate lifetime and to design for extended future use

Design for the future

Activities to clean, decorate, and restore products back to working condition for original or new purposes

Refurbishment, remanufacturing, renovation

Roadmaps and strategies and targets

Cross-departmental collaboration and engagement

Public-private partnerships

Redesign systems to lay the foundation for circular activities and enable the transition to a circular economy 

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Rethink

Maintain and repair city-owned spaces and infrastructure to increase longevity, and support opportunities for residents to do the same for privately owned items and property

Support reuse, repair, remanufacturing, maintenance of existing resources, products, spaces & infrastructure

Incorporate extended use in project planning phases; create or update city policies to allow for extended use.

Design and regulate for extended use

Cities consume about 75% of global energy and emit between 50% and 60% of global greenhouse gases (UN-Habitat). To reduce the negative impact of their energy consumption, cities need to shift away from fossil fuels and move towards renewable energy sources. Such a shift will help cities work towards their climate change mitigation and adaptation action plans. Renewable energy technologies such as wind, water, solar, and geothermal can also help improve access to energy in vulnerable and marginalised neighbourhoods through, for example, decentralised, off-grid solutions.

Renewable energy technologies can harvest the energy in nature’s processes, such as wind, and solar radiation and geothermal heat, that can be replenished within a human lifespan. In contrast, fossil fuels are materials that are not replenished within a human lifespan and are combusted for energy, losing the fuel material and resulting in emissions.

Local governments can develop sustainable energy plans, considering different energy resources and requirements, to develop a robust strategy for the development of renewable energy technologies and infrastructure throughout the city. They can also institute specific legislation and tax systems to regulate energy production and consumption, incentivise research and development of cleaner, more efficient technologies. Via Power Purchase Agreements cities can buy renewable energy from green energy providers and fix the price in order to provide security to financial institutions to finance renewable energy infrastructure. Furthermore, increasing awareness and facilitating capacity-building on planning urban sustainable energy projects can help the uptake of clean energy across the city by different stakeholders—from citizens to businesses and institutions. Facilitating collaboration, then, will be crucial, since private companies operate most of the world’s energy systems.


⚡ Energy Systems

The demand for transport is rising globally—but current modes are heavily material- and fossil-fuels-intensive. Emissions from the transport system could grow by 60% by 2050, and transport is the number-one user of oil worldwide. GHG emissions result not only in warming global temperatures, but also in ocean acidification, which has severe consequences for entire ecosystems and further destabilises our climate. The transport system also drives land-use change and biodiversity loss through the development of infrastructure—also releasing harmful pollutants into the ocean. Key circular solutions:

- Embrace and enable car-free lifestyles
- Invest in high-quality public transport
- Rethink unnecessary air travel
- Electrify remaining vehicles

🚌 Mobility Systems

Businesses

Governments

On average, mobility is responsible for around half of the energy that is consumed in cities (excluding industry), and with it, a large share of the greenhouse gas emissions that are generated in cities. At the same time, many mobility assets, such as private cars can remain parked for up to 92% of the day ([Ellen MacArthur Foundation](https://ellenmacarthurfoundation.org/circular-economy-opportunity-and-benefit-factsheets)). 

A combination of shared mobility options (such as public transport, bike and car sharing) and low-carbon mobility systems (such as walking and cycling) can significantly reduce the energy demand and associated emissions of moving people and goods in cities. If implemented effectively, these solutions can reduce the overall demand for vehicles by alleviating the need for personal car ownership, and consequently also reducing the extraction of virgin materials required for the production and fuelling of private vehicles.

Local governments can make low-carbon and shared mobility options a viable and preferred alternative to private vehicle use. They can improve the availability and accessibility of electric charging infrastructure for private electric vehicles. Moreover, cities can play a role in the connection and integration of different forms of shared mobility (such as bike sharing, public transport, and car sharing) through a city-wide or national online platform. Then, to discourage private car use, parking bays can be replaced with pocket parks, parking costs can be increased (in certain parts of the city), cycling lanes can be expanded, and car free zones or congestion charges introduced.


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🚌  Low-carbon and shared mobility systems

Impacts

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Industries

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A framework of policy instruments that enabled and encourage the transition to the circular economy

Policy Instruments

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A framework of policy instruments that enable and stimulate the transition to the circular economy

The principles of a circular economy concern designing out waste, regenerating ecosystems and keeping items in use. Decoupling the economy from material flows—improving the rate of resource productivity faster than the economic growth rate—is also a consistent guide. By evolving with the growing number of applications of circular economy principles, and consolidating these strategies across thematic areas, Circle Economy’s Key Elements Framework (KE) renders the elements of the circular economy salient and serves as a basis to derive contextual strategies and interventions. 


The Framework consists of:
- Core Elements: Activities directly handling product or material flows; and uniquely,
- Enabling Elements: those that remove obstacles for core actors.


Key elements of the circular economy

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Circle Economy's framework of strategies and activities that define the circular economy

The Circular City Actions Framework provides urban changemakers with five complementary strategies they can use to start working towards a more circular system. 

The framework is action-based to provide users with concrete strategic directions and showcase the desired outcomes of each strategy. 
The framework consists of five complementary **strategies**, under which **sub-strategies** provide further detail. Finally, each sub-strategy consists of a diversity of tangible **solutions** which are framed in relation to key thematic areas. 

Note: solutions are currently focused on:
- 🍏 **Food systems**
- 🏢  **Built environment**
- 👕📱  **Consumer goods**
- ⚡ **Energy Systems**
- 🚌 **Mobility Systems**
- 💧 **Water Systems**

More thematic areas are coming soon...

'Click through each of the five strategy cards below to explore the framework and circular economy case studies in more depth!'



This framework was developed in collaboration with ICLEI, Metabolic and Ellen MacArthur Foundation with support from the MAVA Foundation. Read more about it [here]( https://circulars.iclei.org/action-framework/). 



Circular City Actions Framework

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An action-based framework for local governments working towards circular cities

Thematic Areas

City Stakeholders

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Based on the work of [Bocken et al. (2016)](https://www.researchgate.net/publication/309699661_Product_design_and_business_model_strategies_for_a_circular_economy), the Four Flows Framework serves as a simple framework for managing resource flows in a circular economy by using less (Narrow), using for longer (Slow), using again (Cycle), and using clean, regenerative materials and energy (Regenerate).

These different principles of circular economy can be applied to our socioeconomic metabolism: we can design stocks like buildings, infrastructure, machinery, and vehicles to be rich resource mines for the future, and design manufactured goods and consumables to be cycled and made regenerative. Furthermore, the focus must also centre on getting more value out of fewer materials. Achieving the aims of a circular economy—minimising material use, regenerating the Earth, and preventing material losses—can be done through these four key strategies mentioned above.

Source: Circle Economy. (2023). *[The circularity gap report 2023](https://www.circularity-gap.world/2023)* (p.22). Amsterdam: Circle Economy. 

Four Flows Framework

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   ÇEREZ BİLGİLENDİRME

Veri politikasındaki amaçlarla sınırlı ve mevzuata uygun şekilde çerez konumlandırmaktayız. Detaylar için “Kişisel Verilerin Korunması” politikamıza https://www.belkaas.com.tr/kvkk/ adresinden ulaşabilirsiniz. LOG KAYITLARINA İLŞKİN BİLGİLENDİRME

5651 sayılı İnternet Ortamında Yapılan Yayınların Düzenlenmesi ve Bu Yayınlar Yoluyla İşlenen Suçlarla Mücadele Edilmesi Hakkında Kanun’da öngörülmesi hukuki sebebine dayanarak, BELKA ANKARA KATI ATIKLARI AYIKLAMA ENERJİ DEĞ. BİLG. İNŞ. NAK. VE TAAH. YEM. SAN. VE TİC. A.Ş tarafından sağlanan internet ağında yapmış olduğunuz işlemlere ilişkin log kaydı tutulacak olup; 6698 sayılı Kişisel Verilerin Korunması Kanunu’na uygun olarak saklanacaktır. Detaylı bilgi için https://www.belkaas.com.tr/kvkk/aydinlatma-metni adresinde yer alan Aydınlatma Metnine ulaşabilirsiniz.
KapatKişisel Verilen Korunması ve Gizlilik Politikası 

  Projects in the CFA cohort come from the energy and transport sectors. Some of them will increase the energy efficiency in buildings, whilst others support the growth of electric vehicles in Turkey.To ensure the selected projects are in the best position to attract investment from Turkish and international financiers, the projects will receive capacity building support in areas such as blending finance from public and private sources, how to develop financial models and prepare pitch material, as well as advice on enhancing gender, equality and social inclusion. If they secure funding in the future, the projects will benefit communities across Turkey through pollution abatement, employment opportunities, increased energy efficiency, improved public transportation, and by supporting gender equality and social inclusion efforts.The CFA is funded by the UK government’s Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy (BEIS). By bringing together stakeholders who can develop and finance climate projects at scale, the CFA will support Turkey’s efforts to meet its commitment under the Glasgow Pact, agreed at COP26 in November, to help keep global warming to within 1.5°C.The British Ambassador to Turkey, Sir Dominick Chilcott said:We welcome the Paris Agreement entering into force on 10 November following a unanimous ratification by Parliament and Turkey’s commitment to reach net-zero by 2053. Turkey is now updating its Nationally Determined Contribution and is in the process of adopting its Climate Action Plan. As the UK, and under our ongoing COP26 Presidency, we appreciate Turkey’s timely involvement in global efforts under the Paris Agreement and we are ready to support Turkey during this process.In this respect, we launched the Climate Finance Accelerator Programme in Turkey in June, in an effort to strengthen the ground for financing low-emission projects by working with the public and private sectors to help leverage climate financing in Turkey. As part of these efforts, planning is also underway to host a UK-Turkey Green Finance Conference in London this year to support the development of a green finance ecosystem in Turkey in support of COP26 objectives.Dr. Zeynep Yöntem, Ekodenge’s Founding Manager said:Following its recent ratification of the Paris Agreement, Turkey will be submitting a revised National Determined Contribution (NDC) indicating the new targets for emission reductions. With huge potential for renewables like wind and solar power but inefficient energy use, Turkey provides great opportunities for mitigation projects. It is vital, especially in the near future, to have available resources to support and finance low carbon project pipelines to achieve the national climate goals. The Climate Finance Accelerator’s support will create opportunities between projects and financiers and establish a roadmap for a sustainable project pipeline accessing finance.The projects started receiving tailored support ahead of a three-day event that will be held in January 2022. The support so far has included individual needs assessment discussions and analysis of each of the projects from financial and technical perspectives. The event will allow project proponents to further refine their financial structuring through tailored discussions with interested financial institutions.The event will also provide an opportunity for all participants to network and for policymakers and other initiatives in the climate finance space to learn from the landscape mapping findings and recommendations. The CFA projects include:INESS converts commercial spaces into data streaming sources to model and predict human behavior and use those models to optimize buildings operations and sustainability.Belka Fossil-fuelled buses more than five years old will be converted to run on 100% electricity using advanced technology. This will make them environmentally friendly, quieter and more economical.Smart Solar Technologies Smart Solar Technologies will expand its production capabilities to include products that are used to make solar modules. The new production facilities will be powered by solar energy which will lower the carbon footprint of each product. The workforce at the new facilities will be 50% female.Zoop – a smart mobility solution with small size connected vehicles designed especially for sharing within short distances.Zorlu Enerji – Electrip is Turkey’s first car sharing platform that uses only electric vehicles.Zorlu Enerji– Zorlu Energy Solutions aims to help electric vehicle users and speed up the electric vehicle revolution with its intracity and intercity stations. Charging station installation is also available for homes and offices.Notes:UK’s Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy (BEIS): The CFA is funded by International Climate Finance in BEIS. BEIS is the UK government department responsible for business, industrial strategy, science, research and innovation, energy, clean growth and climate change. UK International Climate Finance is the UK government’s commitment to support developing countries to respond to climate change. The UK has committed to spend at least £11.6 billion of International Climate Finance between 2021 and 2025. This is the UK’s contribution to the developed country goal of mobilising $100 billion per year in climate finance by 2020, which underpins the Paris Agreement.Ekodenge is a private consultancy and R&D SME founded in 1996. Located in Technological Development Area of Hacettepe University in Ankara, Ekodenge focuses on providing solutions and services for sustainability issues with proven capacity and references for both research and applied projects. Ekodenge design and engineering team is driven to provide convenient, innovative, cost-effective, environmentally friendly and applicable solutions for cities and the built environment.The global CFA programme is delivered by PwC UK, in collaboration with Ricardo Energy & Environment.     



 



 



 



 



 



 

 

Ankara

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Ankara Metropolitan Municipality

Ankara Metropolitan Municipality's subsidiary company operating in wastewater treatment and vehicle supply areas.

Belka A.Ş.

<p>Ankara Metropolitan Municipality, a member of ICLEI Network, has partnered with its subsidiary company BELKA A.Ş. to transform 2005 model old diesel buses that have completed their economic life cycle into 100% electric buses. The Project aims to accelerate the process of transitioning to the circular economy through environment-friendly vehicle solutions in public transportation working on electricity instead of fuel. Buses are the world’s first converted 100% electric vehicles that have been put into mass production.</p>