Policy case

Minimise waste through diversion: Instead of sending waste to landfill, it is redirected into other industrial processes for handling, treatment, recycling, recovery, or reuse in various forms. 

Minimise waste through design: At the outset of a process of project, plan and design such that there is zero waste or minimal waste during production, use, and at end of life. 

Minimise Waste (SDG12)

Producing agricultural products and processing them into food and beverageproducts for consumption

Agri/Food

Producing and providing business and consumer goods and services

Goods and Services

Collection programmes that process products and parts for reuse or recycling within other industries

Open loop collection

Generating energy from waste through processes such as anaerobic digestion, gasification, incineration, etc.

Generating energy from waste

Designing products so they produce as little waste as possible during production

Design for minimal waste

Designing products to remove any barriers to recycling and enable easy recyclability

Design for recycling

Biogas produced by the anaerobic digestion of organic solid waste can be used as an energy source for cooking, lighting and generate electricity, replacing thus other fuels. Moreover, the treatment of organic waste alleviates the solid waste crisis in urban and peri-urban area if the developing world.


Use biogas

Wastewater (blackwater and water from industrial processes) can be treated and reclaimed for agricultural and industrial purposes. Moreover, depending on economic factors, wastewater treatments can be adopted for supplying domestic freshwater. 

Use wastewater

Locally produced food has to travel shorter, which means less fuel is consumed and less greenhouse gases are generated. Moreover, buying locally produced food helps local farmers and markets and creates more jobs in the local businesses. 


Produce locally

Recover and collect surplus food products that might otherwise be wasted for distribution to people.


Redistribute surplus 

Derive chemicals and fuels from organic waste matter, for example, wasted fats, grease and oils can be used for biodiesel production. Food waste such as corn starch and sugar cane can be used for PLA (Polylactic Acid) to replace plastic packaging, liquid fats and solid meat products can be used as raw materials in the rendering industry (animal food, cosmetics, soap, etc.).


Derive fuel and materials

Other

Develop infrastructure to support sustainable lifestyles

Impacts

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A framework of policy instruments that enabled and encourage the transition to the circular economy

Policies

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A framework of policy instruments that enable and stimulate the transition to the circular economy

The principles of a circular economy concern designing out waste, regenerating ecosystems and keeping items in use. Decoupling the economy from material flows—improving the rate of resource productivity faster than the economic growth rate—is also a consistent guide. By evolving with the growing number of applications of circular economy principles, and consolidating these strategies across thematic areas, Circle Economy’s Key Elements Framework (KE) renders the elements of the circular economy salient and serves as a basis to derive contextual strategies and interventions. 


The Framework consists of:
- Core Elements: Activities directly handling product or material flows; and uniquely,
- Enabling Elements: those that remove obstacles for core actors.


Key elements of the circular economy

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Circle Economy's framework of strategies and activities that define the circular economy

Urban Opportunities

 Innovation often comes from applying knowledge from one field to another one which is totally unrelated. This is exactly what happened with this modular wonder. The Wikkelhouse was designed and built by a small Company in Amsterdam that started up as a theatre scenery Company in 1989. You can fall in love with it at first sight. The simplicity of its design is overwhelming, yet fascinating. The full-width glass facade screams modern while the round features make you think high-quality and excellent craftsmanship. Looking at it from the side, it is evident that this is a modular building. The 1.2m wide sections are clearly visible as no attempt was made to hide the separation line between the modules. The Wikkelhouse comes in visible segments, with no shame whatsoever.  Wikkelhouses in Stayokay campsite.  Wikkelhouse in Stayokay campsite.  Wikkelhouse in Stayokay campsite - closeup of the entrance.  Wikkelhouse in Rotterdam Red Apple Marina.  The interior is as good as it gets.Smooth plywood shets wrap around the entire building envelope and give the house a unique look that feels premium and solid. Even from the inside, the separation lines between the modules are clearly visible and this adds depth to the interior space. In theory, there is no limit to the number of modules (segments) you can add. This calls for a very loooooooong house! On top of the exceptional look and unlimited expandability,  the clever Dutch people at Fiction Factory came up with a specialized module for the bathroom and one with the round window, plus accessories for kitchen, living room and stove.This allows putting together a personalized version of the Wikkelhouse.  Wikkelhouse interior.  Wikkelhouse interior - kitchen module.   Wikkelhouse interior - living room.   Wikkelhouse interior - large living room.   Wikkelhouse interior - stove.   Wikkelhouse - the full system.  This modular concept is super simple and yet truly remarkable.The entire house is installed on a chassis made of concrete blocks and wooden beams. The house is very lightweight (more on that in a moment) and, thanks to this particular characteristic, the chassis can be placed on leveled and compacted ground, requiring no foundations. This cuts down installation costs and installation time.High-five to Dutch inventors! Now, the truly remarkable innovation here is another one:  this house is made of cardboard! Believe it or not, each segment is built by "rolling" a tiny sheet of cardboard over a steel framework.The entire system is absolutely ingenious! The Manufacturer declares a wall U-value of approximately 0.29 W/m2K (R = 3.5).U-value of windows is declared as 0.24 W/m2K (R = 4.2).   Wikkelhouse - section of the cardboard wall. The 1.2m wide cardboard sheet is wrapped around the framework while 60 lines of glue are "drawn" on the sheet. The glue sticks the layers together and bonds the entire structure as a solid block.Once the glue has hardened, the steel framework is removed and the segment is ready for finishing.  Wikkelhouse - cardboard gluing.   Wikkelhouse - rolling of the cardboard wall.  The main characteristics of the Wikkelhouse, as described by the Producer, are:   100% recyclable; 3X more eco-friendly than traditional houses; exceptional constructive strength; optimal insulation qualities;  unequaled acoustics; expected life-cycle of 50 years minimum; no foundation needed.  While that's just about anything one would want from a modern prefab house, the Wikkelhouse has another strong selling point: the price. According to the Producer, a three segments house can be purchased for 30 000 EUR (VAT, transport, installation excluded). Given the measurements (4.6 x 1.2 x 3), such house would have an indoor net area of approximately 16.6 square meters... setting the square meter price to an unprecedented 1812 EUR per square meter. For comparison, the concrete built KODA by Kodasema sells for about 3700 EUR per square meter while the glamorous ÖÖD Airbnb module by ÖÖD OÜ  sells for about 2500 EUR per square meter. It really seems The Netherlands are going to beat Estonia with ease... or maybe not (spoiler alert: you cannot get the Wikkelhouse so easily).   Wikkelhouse - view of one segment (module).  Wikkelhouse - assembling of the bathroom module. The transport of a Wikkelhouse is a relatively simple matter.Thanks to the standard size of the modules of 1.2m, two modules can be transported side by side, amounting to a total depth of 2.4m. The set of two modules fits perfectly on a standard truck (see image below).Widthwise, one standard trailer can also carry two modules (see image below). 

Municipality of Malmo

Municipality of Malmö

The proposed food waste kitchen sink disposers from the City of Malmö consists of a pilot project in which kitchen waste disposers have been installed as an easy-to-manage method of dealing with food waste. The waste disposers have proved to be an effective way of dealing with organic household waste in order to produce biogas. In cooperation with the developers, the municipality initially installed waste disposers in the kitchens of 200 homes, within the Housing Fair Bo01 area. The waste disposers are the size of a large thermos and were installed beneath the sink. Separate pipes were routed from the waste disposer, running to a collecting tank below the ground outside the building. The ground food waste falls to the bottom of the tank, while the water runs onward to the wastewater pipes. A sludge suction truck sucks up the collected waste and transports it to the local wastewater treatment plan, where it is digested and produces biogas. The developers themselves had to install and maintain the waste disposers and the pipes that were needed in their buildings.

Food waste kitchen sink disposers

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Circle Economy and ICLEI have partnered up to initiate the go to knowledge hub of case studies about the circular economy in cities. The Cities Collection is a repository of case studies that demonstrate the role of cities in the circular transition, and includes policies, business cases and research articles. Cases in the Collection flow into an ecosystem of digital products which support users in transitioning cities to circularity, for example [Ganbatte](https://ganbatte.world/cities/) and <a href="https://circulars.iclei.org/" target="_blank">ICLEI Circulars</a>, both part of the <a href="https://circulars.iclei.org/circle-lab-for-cities/" target = _blank">Circle Lab for Cities Programme.</a>

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Circular Cities

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Direct and indirect reduction in economic costs

Cost Savings

Reduced green house gas emissions released into the biosphere

Reduce Emissions (SDG13)

Providing electricity and gas services, including traditional and renewable energy generation, natural and manufactured gas and operating gas networks

Energy Utilities and Independent Power Producers

Producing and refining oil, gas, and other consumable fuels related to the generation of energy

Consumable Fuels

Consider opportunities to create greater value and align incentives that build on the interaction between products and services

Rethink the business model

Account for the systems perspective during the design process, to use the right materials, to design for appropriate lifetime and to design for extended future use

Design for the future

Work together throughout the supply chain, internally within organisations and with the public sector and communities to increase transparency and create joint value

Team up to create joint value

Roadmaps and strategies and targets

Prioritize solutions that use the power of functioning ecosystems as infrastructure to provide natural services to benefit society and the environment; consider nature-based replacements for grey infrastructure.

Prioritise renewable resources 

Cities consume about 75% of global energy and emit between 50% and 60% of global greenhouse gases (UN-Habitat). To reduce the negative impact of their energy consumption, cities need to shift away from fossil fuels and move towards renewable energy sources. Such a shift will help cities work towards their climate change mitigation and adaptation action plans. Renewable energy technologies such as wind, water, solar, and geothermal can also help improve access to energy in vulnerable and marginalised neighbourhoods through, for example, decentralised, off-grid solutions.

Renewable energy technologies can harvest the energy in nature’s processes, such as wind, and solar radiation and geothermal heat, that can be replenished within a human lifespan. In contrast, fossil fuels are materials that are not replenished within a human lifespan and are combusted for energy, losing the fuel material and resulting in emissions.

Local governments can develop sustainable energy plans, considering different energy resources and requirements, to develop a robust strategy for the development of renewable energy technologies and infrastructure throughout the city. They can also institute specific legislation and tax systems to regulate energy production and consumption, incentivise research and development of cleaner, more efficient technologies. Via Power Purchase Agreements cities can buy renewable energy from green energy providers and fix the price in order to provide security to financial institutions to finance renewable energy infrastructure. Furthermore, increasing awareness and facilitating capacity-building on planning urban sustainable energy projects can help the uptake of clean energy across the city by different stakeholders—from citizens to businesses and institutions. Facilitating collaboration, then, will be crucial, since private companies operate most of the world’s energy systems.


⚡ Energy Systems

Governments

Cities consume about 75% of global energy and emit between 50% and 60% of global greenhouse gases ([UN-Habitat](https://unhabitat.org/topic/energy)). To reduce the negative impact of their energy consumption, cities need to shift away from fossil fuels and move towards renewable energy sources. Such a shift will help cities work towards their climate change mitigation and adaptation action plans. Renewable energy technologies such as wind, water, solar, and geothermal can also help improve access to energy in vulnerable and marginalised neighbourhoods through, for example, decentralised, off-grid solutions.

Renewable energy technologies can harvest the energy in nature’s processes, such as wind, and solar radiation and geothermal heat, that can be replenished within a human lifespan. In contrast, fossil fuels are materials that are not replenished within a human lifespan and are combusted for energy, losing the fuel material and resulting in emissions. 

Local governments can develop sustainable energy plans, considering different energy resources and requirements, to develop a robust strategy for the development of renewable energy technologies and infrastructure throughout the city. They can also institute specific legislation and tax systems to regulate energy production and consumption, incentivise research and development of cleaner, more efficient technologies. Via Power Purchase Agreements cities can buy renewable energy from green energy providers and fix the price in order to provide security to financial institutions to finance renewable energy infrastructure. Furthermore, increasing awareness and facilitating capacity-building on planning urban sustainable energy projects can help the uptake of clean energy across the city by different stakeholders—from citizens to businesses and institutions. Facilitating collaboration, then, will be crucial, since private companies operate most of the world’s energy systems.


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⚡  Harnessing renewable energy from natural processes

Industries

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The Circular City Actions Framework provides urban changemakers with five complementary strategies they can use to start working towards a more circular system. 

The framework is action-based to provide users with concrete strategic directions and showcase the desired outcomes of each strategy. 
The framework consists of five complementary **strategies**, under which **sub-strategies** provide further detail. Finally, each sub-strategy consists of a diversity of tangible **solutions** which are framed in relation to key thematic areas. 

Note: solutions are currently focused on:
- 🍏 **Food systems**
- 🏢  **Built environment**
- 👕📱  **Consumer goods**
- ⚡ **Energy Systems**
- 🚌 **Mobility Systems**
- 💧 **Water Systems**

More thematic areas are coming soon...

'Click through each of the five strategy cards below to explore the framework and circular economy case studies in more depth!'



This framework was developed in collaboration with ICLEI, Metabolic and Ellen MacArthur Foundation with support from the MAVA Foundation. Read more about it [here]( https://circulars.iclei.org/action-framework/). 



Circular City Actions Framework

An action-based framework for local governments working towards circular cities

Thematic Areas

City Stakeholders

El Ministerio de Espacio Público e Higiene Urbana porteño presentó la Red de Economía Circular -a la que ya se adhirieron más de 120 organizaciones tanto del ámbito público como del privado- cuyo objetivo es promover el consumo responsable, el reciclaje y la reutilización de los recursos en la industria. Se trata de una propuesta vinculada con el Plan de Reciclaje de la Ciudad, BA Recicla.   “La Red de Economía Circular nace a partir de la necesidad de avanzar hacia un modelo de ciudad sustentable. Tenemos el desafío de impulsar un cambio cultural que nos permita pensar en circular, aprovechar nuestros residuos y transformarlos en recursos”, expresó la Ministra de Espacio Público e Higiene Urbana porteña Clara Muzzio.
  La Red busca posicionar a la Ciudad de Buenos Aires como pionera, en la región y en el país, en el desarrollo de políticas de economía circular a largo plazo. Se trata de un trabajo articulado entre todos los sectores, públicos y privados, con el fin de generar conciencia sobre la escasez de recursos que enfrenta el planeta y llevar a cabo acciones conjuntas para reducir la generación de residuos, aumentar la recuperación de los materiales y encontrarle nuevos usos dentro de la industria. Se trabajará a través de mesas temáticas en las que participarán todos los actores para desarrollar programas y campañas de difusión y comunicación acerca de la correcta disposición de residuos y la recepción de materiales nuevos recuperados; capacitaciones a empleados sobre economía circular; visitas guiadas al Centro de Reciclaje de la Ciudad; y activaciones en el espacio público en zonas de alto tránsito y puntos verdes, entre otras.  Algunas de las empresas adheridas son Nestlé, L'Oreal, Arcos Dorados y Chandon. También bancos como BBVA, Hipotecario e Itaú. Y más de 20 emprendedores sustentables y universidades. Cabe señalar que la Red de Economía Circular es una iniciativa vinculada con el Plan de Reciclaje de la Ciudad, BA Recicla, presentado recientemente. Dicho plan es el punto de partida hacia la circularidad ya que contempla dentro de sus objetivos duplicar la cantidad de residuos reciclables que se recolectan en la Ciudad y lograr que para el 2023 el 80% de los vecinos y vecinas separen la basura en sus casas. Para eso, se prevé optimizar el ordenamiento de la infraestructura de captación colocando un contenedor verde o campana a 150 metros de cada hogar y con el trabajo de los recuperadores urbanos en las zonas de mayor generación de reciclables. Además, el plan incluye nuevos programas y acciones para la promoción de la separación de residuos domiciliarios.  Por otro lado, la Ciudad cuenta con un Centro de Reciclaje que procesa un altísimo porcentaje de los residuos generados en la ciudad, entre áridos (escombros); plásticos PET, restos de poda, y residuos orgánicos. También cuenta con 16 Centros Verdes a donde llegan los materiales que juntan cada día los recuperadores urbanos y tres centros de compostaje de restos. Enterate de todo en: www.ciudadverde.gob.ar 

Malmo

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Malmö, Sweden, has integrated renewable energy targets in city planning that are significantly more ambitious than either the European Union target for Sweden (49% by 2020) or the national plan (50% by 2020). The city is phasing out fossil fuels and plans to run fully on renewable sources by 2030.

Malmö's ambitious plan to phase out fossil fuels by 2030

Contributing to the improvement of biodiversity including species diversity, total number of protected species, and ecosystem health

Biodiversity

Providing public and private education and support services at any level or for any profession, and governmental and public administration services, including judicial, regulatory, and legislative activities, taxation, defence, public order and safety, immigration services, foreign affairs and the administration of government programmes

Education and Government Services

Providing water and sewage services, including water collection and distribution, water treatment systems and sewage treatment facilities

Water and Sewage

Ensure renewable, reusable, non-toxic resources are utilised as materials and energy in an efficient way

Prioritise regenerative resources

Develop regenerative infrastructure

**Harmonize with nature** by promoting infrastructure, production systems and sourcing that allows natural ecosystems to thrive




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Regenerate

Promote solutions inspired and supported by nature

The built environment, including housing, commercial buildings, and the necessary infrastructure for mobility, is essential for our livelihoods, but:
- the extraction of minerals used to produce construction materials is responsible for a quarter of global land use change,
- approximately 40% of global GHG emissions can be attributed to buildings’ construction, use and demolition, and
- construction and demolition processes drive nearly one-third of all material consumption. 

Making the built environment more circular must prioritise a heavy reduction in material use—while also closing the loop on materials and bringing secondary and renewable material choices to the fore. Our four key solutions for the built environment are:
- Make the most of what already exists: Make the most of existing materials by reusing, repurposing, upgrading and renovating following circular approaches. Where new builds are needed, use secondary materials and be as efficient as possible with urban planning solutions that follow circular design principles so that buildings can be reused, repurposed, and easily disassembled in the future.
- Be as energy efficient as possible: From the design phase, utilise circular strategies to create material- and energy efficient buildings. Couple these designs with a rollout of clean energy solutions, and prioritise energy-efficient appliances and retrofitting. 
- Utilise secondary materials: Maximise the high-value reuse of buildings and components where possible. Ideally, enable the utilisation of construction and demolition outputs and ensure that as much of it as possible is recycled to avoid the need for virgin materials, such as sand and gravel.
- Prioritise circular materials and approaches: Transition to using renewable wood, timber or cross-laminated timber instead of steel and concrete, or move to other locally available materials. Utilise mainstream modular construction and prioritise lightweight frames and structures to reduce cement and steel use, as well as green roofs where possible.



🏢 Built Environment

 The Augustenborg district in Malmö was ambitiously rebuilt to manage flooding problems and socioeconomic challenges. As a result of solutions based on ecosystem services, the area is now an attractive neighbourhood and an example of a successful sustainable makeover of an urban district. Malmö in southern Sweden is conducting strategic climate adaptation work focused on managing water issues and on securing ecosystem services. Augustenborg is an interesting example of successful climate adaptation in a neighbourhood. With 20 years’ experience, the eco-city has developed into an extensive social process, undergoing constant change. The project is a collaboration between public housing company MKB and the City of Malmö, but many other organisations and local companies are involved too.
 From troubled area to eco-city 
The district of Augustenborg was built between 1948 and 1952, but over the years has faced difficulties, including social challenges and ecological problems like regular flooding of basements during heavy rain. To reverse this development and address the flooding problem, the municipality of Malmö initiated the Eco-City Augustenborg project to renovate the district and turn it into an environmental and sustainable success story. The project also included the refurbishment of housing, improved waste management and social projects. Much of the work was based on residents’ wishes. 
 Focus on resilient water systems 
In terms of environmental aspects, the makeover has focused on efficient water systems, green roofs and solar energy. The water systems include surface rainwater runoff, canals and ponds. The result is an attractive eco-city with a modern recycling-based approach, green spaces and its own production of renewable energy. 
The biggest change was the transition to an open stormwater system with ducts and ponds that collect and clean the rainwater instead of underground pipes. The goal is for 70 percent of all rainwater in Augustenborg to be managed or slowed down by the new system. When Malmö was hit by major flooding in 2014 caused by heavy rain, the district did not suffer damage.
 Greenhouse with ecological and social values 
The Greenhouse apartment building, comprising 14 floors and 56 apartments, was built in 2016. It’s a passive building with smart solutions that facilitate a sustainable lifestyle. The building includes cultivation balconies, a shared roof garden with greenhouses, green roofs, solar cells, a cargo bike pool, simple solutions for waste management and separate metering and billing of hot water and electricity. Greenhouse Residents have the opportunity to engage in various groups that organise social events, hold courses and take care of communal areas.
 Botanical roof garden 
Augustenborg also features a botanical roof garden made up of about 10,000 square meters of green roofs. Besides reducing and slowing storm water, the roofs have an insulating effect. The green roofs also increase the local environment’s biodiversity. The botanical garden is popular with groups studying various green roof facilities, such as The Scandinavian Green Roof, which organises conferences, lectures and guided tours in Augustenborg.
 Facts and figures 
• Energy efficiency has increased by about 10 percent compared with 1998, and is approximately 35 percent higher than when the buildings were first built.
• Turnover of tenancies has decreased by almost 20 percent.
• The environmental impact of the buildings has decreased by around 20 percent.

Augustenborg

Malmö implemented Sustainable Urban Drainage Systems (SuDS), a nature-based solution, to manage runoff from sealed surfaces and roofs, prevent wastewater release into the environment, and create wetland habitats under the Eco-city Augustenborg initiative.

Malmö's Eco-city Augustenborg initiative

Scalability

Replace energy sources with less impactful alternatives and enact energy efficiency measures

Regenerative energy

Working together with stakeholders and parties in other unrelated industries to implement circular economy strategies and opportunities

Cross-industry projects, pilots

Public-private partnerships

Businesses

E.ON relies on geothermal energy for climate protection. In Malmö, Sweden, the company plans to build a geothermal deep-heat power plant. The boreholes will be drilled five to seven kilometers deep into the ground. The expected maximum temperature of 160 degrees Celsius will be sufficient to feed the heat directly into Malmö’s district heating network. The pilot project is one of Europe’s first geothermal power plants to extract geothermal energy from depths of several kilometers on an industrial scale.
E.ON is currently investigating the geological conditions through test boreholes. If all goes according to plan, the plant will supply renewable and resource efficient heat to district heating customers from 2022. E.ON hopes to have built five geothermal power plants in Malmö by 2028, each with an installed capacity of 50 MWth (thermal megawatt). The heat will replace biofuels and biogas for heat generation.
The total budget for the project is €5.4 million. The Swedish Energy Agency is supporting the pilot project with €1.2 million. As a partner, E.ON is working with the energy company St1 on the drilling. St1 has undertaken the world’s first drilling for a deep-heat power plant with conditions similar to those in Malmö in Espoo, Finland. The plant is expected to go on stream this year. Other E.ON partners in Malmö include the Swedish Energy Agency, the Swedish Geological Survey, the City of Malmö, and the University of Uppsala.
“E.ON’s goal is to supply Swedish customers with 100 percent renewable and recovered energy. With deep geothermal energy, we’re tapping into a new energy source that can ensure renewable production in the long term. Deep geothermal energy is resource-efficient, emission free, noise-free and space saving, making it one of the best solutions for urban energy systems of the future,” says Marc Hoffmann, CEO of E.ON Sweden.
Malmö aims to be climate-neutral by 2030. E.ON is the city’s energy partner and is supporting the change through the generation of renewable energy, the intelligent energy networking of buildings, and infrastructure for electromobility and the digitalization of the energy infrastructure to make Malmö a Smart City. Malmö’s climate ambitions make them a real role model for the sustainable city.


E.ON

Swedish Energy Agency

Malmö has partnered with E.ON to build a pilot deep heat (geothermal) power plant. The plant will be one of the first in Europe to extract heat from deep underground on industrial scale levels; if the pilot is successful, the city plans to replace all biofuels used in heating with geothermal heat by 2028.

Malmö and E.ON partner to build geothermal plant

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Starter Kit collection

Impact on the availability of resources as well as their effect on living organisms, ecosystems, and components of the environment.

Ecological Impact

Impacts on the social fabric of the community and well-being of the individuals and families.

Social Impact

Impacts on the financial condition of a company, as well as the the economicconditions of its stakeholders and on economic systems at local, national, andglobal levels.

Economic Impact

Impact on increased knowledge and understanding as a result of the case study

Increase Awareness

Impact on the ease of innovation, and facilitating uptake of innovations

Innovation

Reduced use of fossil fuel energy sources and/or increased use of renewable energy

Reduce Energy Consumption

Producing transporation equipment and providing services for thetransportation of goods and people

Transportation and Logistics

Societal Services

Providing air, water, rail, and land transportation and related services for the distribution of goods, such as air freight, air courier and logistics services, maritime freight, marine courier and logistics services, rail freight, rail courier and logistics services, land freight, land courier and logistics services, including package and mail delivery and customs agents, as well as storage and warehouse facilities

Logistics Services

Industry peers to industry peer collaboration to create joint value and identify synergies

Industry collaboration

Engaging in discussions with industry stakeholders to share circular economy best practices and push the industry towards greater circularity

Guidance, dialogue with industry stakeholders

'Manage' influences the use and function of physical and material elements within the urban environment. 

Manage

'Mobilise' sets the direction of and builds momentum towards long-term change, while also determining how this direction is determined and governed.

Mobilise

Govern the Transition

Cross-departmental collaboration and engagement

 Convene Towards Action

Matchmaking platforms

'Incentivise' sends market signals and support to businesses, citizens and governments to promote certain activities.

Incentivise

 Direct Financial Support

Incubator and investment programmes

Site planning for circular material use

 Public Procurement

Asset Management

Circular use of public-owned assets (land, buildings and equipment)

Economic Frameworks

Use longer and more often by extending and intensifying use of existing resources, products, spaces and infrastructure

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Reuse

Incorporate extended use in project planning phases; create or update city policies to allow for extended use.

Design and regulate for extended use

The food system nourishes populations and employs 50% of the global workforce, but:
- it currently drives a quarter of the overshoot on the climate change planetary boundary due to its greenhouse gas (GHG) production, 
- animal farming alone uses over one-quarter of all land, equivalent to the size of the Americas,
- nearly a quarter of freshwater resources are lost due to rampant food waste, and
- it is the single largest driver of biodiversity loss.

A circular food system must address the whole value chain, from production to consumption to waste management. The four key solutions for the food system are:
- Put healthier, satiating foods first: Prioritise satiating and healthy foods with a lower environmental impact—ideally shifting calories from meat, fish, and dairy towards cereals, fruits, vegetables, and nuts.
- Go local, seasonal, and organic: Prioritise the production and consumption of local, seasonal, and organic produce (sometimes in combination with GMO to reduce pests and disease loss on crops), which can lead to a significantly reduced need for chemical inputs, fuels, and processing services that contribute to environmental impacts.
- Mainstream regenerative agriculture: Scale up agricultural practices that regenerate ecosystems, recirculate nutrients and sequester carbon by design. 
- End avoidable food waste: Minimise food loss and valorise waste following the food waste hierarchy along the supply chain and at the consumer level through better management of transport and storage, more refrigeration and smart planning, and technology at the consumer and food service levels.



🍏 Food Systems

Communities

In many industrial processes and in data centres, part of the energy input is lost as residual heat. It is possible to recover the excess heat to be used as a new source of energy. Recovering and utilising residual heat reduces the demand for additional heat generation. In turn, this reduces fuel requirements, and subsequently emissions if fossil fuels are used to generate heat.

Residual heat can be recovered via pipelines and reused again on-site, or transported to another location for another use, such as district heating which heats the homes of residents. In cases where the temperature of the recovered heat is too low, heat pumps can facilitate increasing the temperature to a more suitable temperature. 

Local governments can utilise their wide knowledge and influence to map residual heat flows and heat demand sites to help connect heat supply and demand across stakeholders in the most optimal way. As well as supplying industry with this knowledge, local governments can provide subsidies to industrial sites and data centers to help them to procure the relevant infrastructure and additional technology (e.g. heat pumps). What is more, local governments can commission the development of district heating networks.


⚡💧  Capture and utilise residual heat

Industry players in the Copenhagen Malmö Port are collaborating on new innovative utility systems that have the potential to support the wider City of Malmö. The project offers a resource-efficient, circular economy model that is scalable in Sweden and other regions.