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This collection has been built by a community of passionate researchers, students, and industry professionals as part of <a href="https://worldcirculartextilesday.com/" target="_blank">World Circular Textiles Day</a> (WCTD). 


World Circular Textiles Day takes place every year on 8th October.  Our vision is to galvanise the collective ambitions and goals of people, organisations and businesses to reach a fully circular textiles world by 2050. Our mission is to provide a framework for circularity stakeholders to develop and deliver a collaborative, evolving roadmap and to chart circularity’s momentum annually from the 8th of October until 2050.

What does fully circular by 2050 mean?
- Shared textile resources, in the form of products and raw materials, are kept in **continual circulation**.
- Virgin resources are **replaced with circular materials**.
- Dignity, equity, and equality for the **people** involved in all parts of the circular value chain.

We need to know where we stand today to chart how to get to 100% Circularity by 2050. What circular activity is currently happening in the textiles and apparel industry, and where in the world is it happening? The WCTD Collection aims to answer this question by building the world’s largest digital library of circular textiles case studies. 

World Circular Textiles Day is proud to be supported by our 2022-23 Circular Hero Partners:
[Lenzing](https://www.lenzing.com/), [Texaid](https://retailsolutions.texaid.com/), [Bank & Vogue](https://www.bankvogue.com/), [Usha yarns limited](https://ushayarns.com/), [The Conduit](https://www.theconduit.com/), and [Asia Pacific Rayon](https://www.aprayon.com/en/)

## Want to contribute to the WCTD Collection? Sign up and add your circular textiles activities.





World Circular Textiles Day

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Business case

Using bio-based materials such as bioplastics, mushroom-based materials, etc.

Alternative bio-based materials and inputs

Enacting measures that optimise material use such as 3D printing, etc.

Material efficiency

Using <a href="https://echa.europa.eu/information-on-chemicals" target="_blank">materials that are not toxic or hazardous</a>.

Non-toxic materials and inputs

Using renewable energy like solar, wind, etc. or renewable fuels like biomass, etc.

Renewable energy, fuels

Using waste materials that have been processed and recycled to produce new products within the same industry

Using closed loop recycled materials

The principles of a circular economy concern designing out waste, regenerating ecosystems and keeping items in use. Decoupling the economy from material flows—improving the rate of resource productivity faster than the economic growth rate—is also a consistent guide. By evolving with the growing number of applications of circular economy principles, and consolidating these strategies across thematic areas, Circle Economy’s Key Elements Framework (KE) renders the elements of the circular economy salient and serves as a basis to derive contextual strategies and interventions. 


The Framework consists of:
- Core Elements: Activities directly handling product or material flows; and uniquely,
- Enabling Elements: those that remove obstacles for core actors.


Key elements of the circular economy

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Circle Economy's framework of strategies and activities that define the circular economy

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Based on the work of [Bocken et al. (2016)](https://www.researchgate.net/publication/309699661_Product_design_and_business_model_strategies_for_a_circular_economy), the Four Flows Framework serves as a simple framework for managing resource flows in a circular economy by using less (Narrow), using for longer (Slow), using again (Cycle), and using clean, regenerative materials and energy (Regenerate).

These different principles of circular economy can be applied to our socioeconomic metabolism: we can design stocks like buildings, infrastructure, machinery, and vehicles to be rich resource mines for the future, and design manufactured goods and consumables to be cycled and made regenerative. Furthermore, the focus must also centre on getting more value out of fewer materials. Achieving the aims of a circular economy—minimising material use, regenerating the Earth, and preventing material losses—can be done through these four key strategies mentioned above.

Source: Circle Economy. (2023). *[The circularity gap report 2023](https://www.circularity-gap.world/2023)* (p.22). Amsterdam: Circle Economy. 

Four Flows Framework

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        The fish leather that we use in all WODEN sneakers is a waste product from the Icelandic fishing and food industry. An industry in which only 1% of the skin is actually used, and the rest is destroyed. The fish leather, which comes primarily from salmon skins, is both hard-wearing and sustainable. This is due to the unique cross-fibre structure of the fish leather which makes it up to 10 times stronger than calf leather. The fish leather is treated and tanned in Iceland using gentle and eco-friendly methods aided by Iceland’s natural hot springs.This tanning process produces 0% carbon emissions.               Our fish leather is sourced by Nordic Fish Leather Iceland. Nordic Fish Leather Iceland has a MSC certification to ensure that the fish leather derives from responsible fishing.The MSC certification is used to assess whether a fishery is well-run and sustainable. It is decided by an independent third party to guarantee transparency. This way, fishing activity is managed with care so that other species and habitats in the ecosystem can be kept healthy.             ALWAYS AIM HIGHER. DESIGNING RESPONSIBLY      Turning waste into high-end fashion. Designing responsibly. Fish Leather has a low impact on the environment.   Fish Skin is normally a waste product. The processing of fish leather avoids throwing the skins into the ocean.   Sustainability is one of the key elements at Nordic Fish Leather. Nordic Fish Leather is only using skin from fish that has been sustainably fished or farmed.         Fish Leather has been used for centuries. Build on an old and proud tradition. The use of Fish Leather is an ancient tradition in Nordic societies along rivers, streams and coasts.   The total power usage is CO2 neutral. Nordic Fish Leather uses only renewable energy for its production of Fish Leather. Fish Leather requires less energy and resources to cultivate than conventional materials.   Eco-friendly production. Nordic Fish Leather takes immense pride in running a completely sustainable operation fueled entirely by geothermal and hydroelectric power. 100% of the electricity supply is from hydroelectric power. The warm water derives from hot springs close to the town where the factory is located.         The weight of the Fish Leather is very low and makes it easy to work with. Nordic Fish Leather is being used for a wide variety of products, such as shoes, belts, handbags and different accessories.   The fish leather is nine times more robust than standard leather. The fibres criss-cross and it makes more durable leather for products that have to be strong.   Nordic Fish Leather and its predecessors have since over 20 years worked on solutions to turn this neglected high-quality raw material into a valuable product. The results can today be seen in. outstanding products made by both individuals and large designer companies     

Iceland

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Nordic Fish Leather

<p>Fish skin is a by-product from the fishing and fish farming industry. After the fish has been harvested it is filleted, skinned and cut into portions for the retail and catering markets in Europe and around the world. Once removed the skins most often end up as waste. Nordic Fish Leather and its predecessors have since over 20 years worked on solutions to turn this neglected high-quality raw material into valuable product. The results can today be seen in outstanding products made by both individuals and large designer companies.</p>

Nordic Fish Leather: a waste product from the Icelandic fishing and food industry re-purposed into a wide variety of products, such as shoes, belts, handbags and different accessories.