Policy case

Impact on the availability of resources as well as their effect on living organisms, ecosystems, and components of the environment.

Ecological Impact

Impacts on the social fabric of the community and well-being of the individuals and families.

Social Impact

Impacts on the financial condition of a company, as well as the the economicconditions of its stakeholders and on economic systems at local, national, andglobal levels.

Economic Impact

Impact on the quantity or quality of jobs, and shifts in the labour market

Jobs

Scalability

Minimise waste through diversion: Instead of sending waste to landfill, it is redirected into other industrial processes for handling, treatment, recycling, recovery, or reuse in various forms. 

Minimise waste through design: At the outset of a process of project, plan and design such that there is zero waste or minimal waste during production, use, and at end of life. 

Minimise Waste (SDG12)

Extracting resources and processing them to produce materials for use bysociety

Materials and Fuels

Societal Services

Collecting waste from households and businesses by means of refuse bins, wheeled bins, containers, etc., and providing treatment, incineration, materials recovery and reclamation, and disposal of hazardous and non-hazardous waste

Waste Management

Producing basic and specialty chemicals, inks, agricultural chemical such as fertilisers and pesticides, plastics including packaging, and rubber

Chemical and Plastic

Account for the systems perspective during the design process, to use the right materials, to design for appropriate lifetime and to design for extended future use

Design for the future

Designing to enable multiple uses and lifecycles of a product and its materials

Design for cyclability

Industry peers to industry peer collaboration to create joint value and identify synergies

Industry collaboration

Engage internally to guide employees and facilitate greater knowledge sharing between internal divisions

Internal collaboration

Engaging in discussions with industry stakeholders to share circular economy best practices and push the industry towards greater circularity

Guidance, dialogue with industry stakeholders

Integrating circular economy thinking into employee evaluations that are tied to professional compensation

Financial incentives tied to circular economy

'Regulate' changes the rules of the systems to achieve compliance through enforcement. 


Regulate

 Regulation

Monitoring & enforcement

Public-private partnerships

 Fiscal Frameworks

Tax breaks

Economic Frameworks

Impacts

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Industries

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A framework of policy instruments that enabled and encourage the transition to the circular economy

Policies

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A framework of policy instruments that enable and stimulate the transition to the circular economy

The principles of a circular economy concern designing out waste, regenerating ecosystems and keeping items in use. Decoupling the economy from material flows—improving the rate of resource productivity faster than the economic growth rate—is also a consistent guide. By evolving with the growing number of applications of circular economy principles, and consolidating these strategies across thematic areas, Circle Economy’s Key Elements Framework (KE) renders the elements of the circular economy salient and serves as a basis to derive contextual strategies and interventions. 


The Framework consists of:
- Core Elements: Activities directly handling product or material flows; and uniquely,
- Enabling Elements: those that remove obstacles for core actors.


Key elements of the circular economy

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Circle Economy's framework of strategies and activities that define the circular economy



Egypt


October 16 2020


The Waste Management law no. 202 of 2020 (the “Law”) was issued on October 13, 2020 and entered into force on October 14, 2020.
The Law addresses waste generation and processing with the intent to promote waste recycling and reuse. It focuses on the integrated management of municipal, industrial, agricultural, demolition and construction waste as well as their safe disposal. In this regard, it classifies waste as hazardous or non-hazardous. The requirements for the management of each are as follows:
 Hazardous Waste: it is defined under the Law as waste that contains organic or non-organic components or compounds that have a harmful effect on human health or the environment as a result of their physical, chemical or biological characteristics or that contain any dangerous qualities such as contagious, flammable, explosive or toxic substances. 
The requirements pertaining to the management of this type of waste include, but are not limited to: (a) obtaining a special license for the integrated management of hazardous waste and substances, (b) obtaining an approval from the above-mentioned authority for its circulation, (c) maintaining a register of such waste and the methods of disposal, and (d) sterilizing and disinfecting the place where the facility producing such waste was established in case it was moved or its activities suspended.
 Non-Hazardous Waste: it is defined as waste that, by its nature, is not dangerous, whether municipal, industrial, agricultural, demolition, construction waste or their equivalent. 
The requirements pertaining to the management of this type of waste include but are not limited to: (a) obtaining a license for the integrated management of non-hazardous waste, and (b) taking all precautions required to avoid causing any harm to the environment.
The Law also provides for the establishment of a Waste Management Authority (the “Authority”). The roles of the Authority include but are not limited to:
 Regulating, tracking, auditing, evaluating and developing everything related to Integrated Waste Management activities, Attracting and encouraging investments in the field of Integrated Waste Management activities in a manner that guarantees achieving sustainable development and tracking the implementation of the plans required to regulate waste management in cooperation with governmental institutions, municipal governments, the private sector, NGOs and international organizations, and Issuing the licenses needed to undertake waste management activities. 
In order to curb the use of single-use plastic bags, the Law provides that the manufacturing, import and export of Single-Use Plastic Bags shall take place in accordance with the conditions, parameters and technical specifications stipulated by a decree of the Minister of Trade and Industries as agreed with the Competent Minister. Said decree may prohibit the manufacturing, import, or export of Single-Use Plastic Bags if they include any input or substances that could cause severe harm to the environment. Further, the Law prohibits the sale, circulation, storage, free distribution or disposal of Single-Use Plastic Bags unless they are done in compliance with the conditions, parameters and technical specifications stipulated by the executive regulations of this law.
The Law stipulates that its executive regulations shall be issued within 6 months from the date of issuance of the Law. We will be following-up on any further development.


Egypt

Government of Egypt

Waste Management Regulatory Authority (WMRA)

<p>In the past, the government of Egypt could not establish a robust nationwide waste collection network, due to a lack of awareness of recycling and shortcomings in subsidising the waste management sector. Therefore, a new waste management law (Law 202/2020 (WML)) was established in 2020 to spur the growth of the waste management industry. By introducing the law, the Waste Management Regulatory Authority (WMRA) was founded to draw up and roll out a national strategy for integrated waste management and overseeing the regulation of the sector and attracting new investors. The WMRA’s oversight role covers an integrated process that encompasses all phases of waste management. For instance, the collection, storage, sorting, transportation, treatment, valuation, recycling, reuse, and disposal of waste through environmentally safe standards.&nbsp;Entities that wish to engage in any of these phases with respect to non-hazardous waste will need to obtain a licence from the WMRA.</p><p>Other key reforms introduced by the WML include a prohibition against using open-air waste incineration,&nbsp;limitations on single-use plastic,&nbsp;incentives for waste-generated energy projects,&nbsp;extended producer liability for the cost of managing a product throughout its lifecycle&nbsp;and the green label system, which encourages manufacturers to increase reliance on recyclable production input, limit the generation of industrial waste, and raise consumer awareness of the green label initiatives.&nbsp;The WMRA will also introduce price incentives for alternative fuels and other waste management by-products.&nbsp;</p>