Policy case

Impact on the health and happiness of human populations

Well-being

Efficiency gains on operations or transactions either through cultural or technological shifts

Productivity

Reduced use and withdrawal of water and rate of recycling and reuse of water

Save Water (SDG6)

Replace freshwater with less impactful alternatives and enact water efficiency measures

Regenerative water

Engage with the local community where facilities or offices are located

Community collaboration

'Manage' influences the use and function of physical and material elements within the urban environment. 

Manage

Govern the Transition

Regenerate strategies phase out hazardous or toxic materials and processes and substitute them with regenerative biomass resources. A circular economy aims to mimic natural cycles—by shifting to more regenerative farming practices, for example—while also maximising the share of circular biomass that enters the economy. Regeneration can happen both at the systems level (by designing regenerative processes) as well as at the product level (by switching synthetic to organic fertilisers, for example).

Regenerate

Impacts

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A framework of policy instruments that enabled and encourage the transition to the circular economy

Policy Instruments

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A framework of policy instruments that enable and stimulate the transition to the circular economy

The principles of a circular economy concern designing out waste, regenerating ecosystems and keeping items in use. Decoupling the economy from material flows—improving the rate of resource productivity faster than the economic growth rate—is also a consistent guide. By evolving with the growing number of applications of circular economy principles, and consolidating these strategies across thematic areas, Circle Economy’s Key Elements Framework (KE) renders the elements of the circular economy salient and serves as a basis to derive contextual strategies and interventions. 


The Framework consists of:
- Core Elements: Activities directly handling product or material flows; and uniquely,
- Enabling Elements: those that remove obstacles for core actors.


Key elements of the circular economy

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Circle Economy's framework of strategies and activities that define the circular economy

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Based on the work of [Bocken et al. (2016)](https://www.researchgate.net/publication/309699661_Product_design_and_business_model_strategies_for_a_circular_economy), the Four Flows Framework serves as a simple framework for managing resource flows in a circular economy by using less (Narrow), using for longer (Slow), using again (Cycle), and using clean, regenerative materials and energy (Regenerate).

These different principles of circular economy can be applied to our socioeconomic metabolism: we can design stocks like buildings, infrastructure, machinery, and vehicles to be rich resource mines for the future, and design manufactured goods and consumables to be cycled and made regenerative. Furthermore, the focus must also centre on getting more value out of fewer materials. Achieving the aims of a circular economy—minimising material use, regenerating the Earth, and preventing material losses—can be done through these four key strategies mentioned above.

Source: Circle Economy. (2023). *[The circularity gap report 2023](https://www.circularity-gap.world/2023)* (p.22). Amsterdam: Circle Economy. 

Four Flows Framework

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 Investor Daily - Pemkot Bogor Maksimalkan Pengelolaan Sampah
15 January 2019 Jakarta — Bogor City Government continuously attempts to reduce the volume of waste by improving waste processing. The record of Bogor City Environmental Services Office (DLH) showed that each day the volume of waste produced in the City of Rain amounts to 600 tons. Around 475 tons of them end up at Galuga Final Disposal Site (TPA).
“The remainder, only around 125 tons, are processed at 3R TPS (Final Processing Site), waste banks, second hand stalls, and some of the waste are still scattered, in the river, or being burnt,” said Head of DLH Waste Division Mochamad Ade, Monday (14/1).
He added at the moment Bogor City waste is still being disposed at Galuga TPA considering that the ground-breaking ceremony for the construction of Lulut-Nambo (Luna) Waste Final Treatment and Processing Site (TPPAS) was just carried out by West Java Governor Ridwan Kamil in December 2018. “It’s very likely that Luna TPPAS will just be ready for use in mid-2020,” he said.
According to Ade, waste treatment at Luna TPPAS is different from that at Galuga TPA. At Luna TPPAS, he said, the entering waste will be sorted and compressed into Refuse Derived Fuel (RDF). The solid RDF will be sold to cement factories as it can be used as an alternative fuel to coal for cement processing.
“The remaining waste with no economic value will be disposed using sanitary landfill system, that is to say an underground waste processing method with a waterproof layer, and the waste is then covered and compressed by the soil,” he elaborated.
Ade explained Luna TPPAS has an area of around 40 hectares (ha). Later it will provide waste processing service for four municipalities/regencies, namely Bogor City, Bogor Regency, South Tangerang City and Depok City. Each of those cities will be charged by a tipping fee of Rp125,000 per 1 ton of waste daily.
“In a day, Bogor City has a cap of only 400 tons to 500 tons of waste. If the waste exceeds the limit, it won’t be accepted,” he explained. Therefore, Bogor City needs a transfer station as a place to transfer waste from small trucks to large trucks.
Transferring waste from small trucks to bigger trucks needs a sufficient space or in other words, it cannot be performed in any places. Meanwhile, to date, Bogor City has not had a transfer station and a large truck to carry waste from Bogor City to Luna TPPAS.
“The transfer station’s DED is ready with an estimated cost of Rp45 billion. As for large trucks, we’re trying to propose to PUPR (Public Works and People’s Housing) Ministry because the truck costs up to Rp1 billion per unit,” he concluded. 

Bogor Regency

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Bogor

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Municipality of Bogor

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<p>Bogor, also called the City of Rain, has been frequently struggling with flooding and the consequences of flooding such as more rapid development of disease-carrying mosquitoes or the inability to access schools or health centres. However, in the dry season, there is also a lack of adequate water resources for the area. Therefore, a flood mitigation initiative, called Road Paving Adaptive to Climate Change Project, involved the construction of a paved road with eco-drains, a feature that catches storm runoff and ushers these into a water reservoir. The reservoir, in turn, stores water supply that the community can use during the dry season. To ensure ownership of and engagement in the project, manpower in constructing the road pavements and eco-drains were mostly locals of Sindang Rasa. The hollow blocks used during construction were also sourced from the community. The initiative has proven to be very successful, solving both the community's struggle with flooding and access to water during the dry season. Community members have also noted that since the project encouraged their involvement in every stage, it also provided a platform for them to cooperate and coordinate with one another.&nbsp;</p>