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Switching Gear Enabling Network

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Business case

Minimise waste through diversion: Instead of sending waste to landfill, it is redirected into other industrial processes for handling, treatment, recycling, recovery, or reuse in various forms. 

Minimise waste through design: At the outset of a process of project, plan and design such that there is zero waste or minimal waste during production, use, and at end of life. 

Minimise Waste (SDG12)

Producing textile and leather products and processing them into apparel and accessories

Fashion and Textiles

Marketplaces or services that enable the second hand sale of products

Second-hand sale, distribution

Developing or utilising online marketplaces to enable the peer-to-peer exchange of products and services

Peer-to-peer online marketplaces

Solutions at all stages of the textiles value chain.

Zero Waste Textiles

Other

Impacts

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Industries

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The principles of a circular economy concern designing out waste, regenerating ecosystems and keeping items in use. Decoupling the economy from material flows—improving the rate of resource productivity faster than the economic growth rate—is also a consistent guide. By evolving with the growing number of applications of circular economy principles, and consolidating these strategies across thematic areas, Circle Economy’s Key Elements Framework (KE) renders the elements of the circular economy salient and serves as a basis to derive contextual strategies and interventions. 


The Framework consists of:
- Core Elements: Activities directly handling product or material flows; and uniquely,
- Enabling Elements: those that remove obstacles for core actors.


Key elements of the circular economy

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Circle Economy's framework of strategies and activities that define the circular economy

Urban Opportunities

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Based on the work of [Bocken et al. (2016)](https://www.researchgate.net/publication/309699661_Product_design_and_business_model_strategies_for_a_circular_economy), the Four Flows Framework serves as a simple framework for managing resource flows in a circular economy by using less (Narrow), using for longer (Slow), using again (Cycle), and using clean, regenerative materials and energy (Regenerate).

These different principles of circular economy can be applied to our socioeconomic metabolism: we can design stocks like buildings, infrastructure, machinery, and vehicles to be rich resource mines for the future, and design manufactured goods and consumables to be cycled and made regenerative. Furthermore, the focus must also centre on getting more value out of fewer materials. Achieving the aims of a circular economy—minimising material use, regenerating the Earth, and preventing material losses—can be done through these four key strategies mentioned above.

Source: Circle Economy. (2023). *[The circularity gap report 2023](https://www.circularity-gap.world/2023)* (p.22). Amsterdam: Circle Economy. 

Four Flows Framework

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Germany

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Vinted

Plastic pollution can be considered one of the major environmental challenges of this century. The consumption of non-renewable resources for single use bottles and the amount of waste generated is profoundly unsustainable. Ooho! is a new kind of biodegradable packaging made from seaweed that proposes an alternative to plastic bottles. The spherical water container is made from Notpla, a material combining seaweed and plants, easy and cheap to make, strong, hygienic, biodegradable, and 100% edible. The aim of Ooho is to provide the convenience of plastic bottles while limiting the environmental impact. Read more at:

Ohoo by Notpla -  Biobased, biodegradable packaging

Aquapak holds patent-protected polymer technology for Hydropol.&nbsp;Hydropol™ Technology has all the benefits of plastics and enables multiple end of life options. Hydropol provides key material properties that improve the functionality of end products and enables multiple end-of-life options. It is used in apparel, fashion, hospitality, healthcare, food packaging, logistics packaging, industrial, non-wovens, and other packaging.

Hydropol by Aquapak - Recyclable packaging

Timberland announced a collaboration with tire manufacturer and distributor Omni United, to create a co-branded line of tires under the Timberland and Radar Tires brands. Timberland Tires will be the first tires ever purposely designed to be recycled into footwear outsoles after their journey on the road is complete.

Timberland - Tires designed to be repurposed into shoe soles

Using innovative glue technology, Snap Pack eliminates the need for traditional plastic rings, reducing the risk of waste, and cutting carbon emissions and reliance on fossil fuel-based packaging.

Carlsberg snap pack - replaces plastic ring can holders with recyclable glue

Ghirardelli Chocolate company in San Leandro in the United States switched to reusable totes to cut packaging costs, prevent cardboard waste, and reduce product breakage. The reusable tote solution will allow Ghirardelli to realize $1.95 million in net packaging reduction savings over the five-year life of the project. In addition, it means that workers are less likely to develop repetitive stress injuries from taping and opening cardboard boxes.

Ghirardelli Chocolate - reusable packaging for internal logistics

Aquafil transforms nylon waste, otherwise polluting the Earth, into ECONYL® regenerated nylon. It’s exactly the same as brand new nylon and can be recycled, recreated and remoulded again and again. That means you can create new products and buy new products without having to use new resources.

Aquafil Econyl - Recycling waste into infinitely recyclable nylon yarn 

Finnish startup RePack has created a range of reusable packaging options which can be used at least 20 times. After product delivery, the packaging can be returned via the local post service and customers receive a 10% discount voucher (for RePack associated brands) as a 'reward'.

RePack - Takeback program for reusable packaging

Vinted is one of the largest platforms for the trade of second-hand fashion in Germany. The online platform initiates the direct trade of second-hand clothing between private individuals. Revenue is generated through service fees, advertising and PR.

Online service for a second fashion life

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This collection has been built by a community of passionate researchers, students, and industry professionals as part of <a href="https://worldcirculartextilesday.com/" target="_blank">World Circular Textiles Day</a> (WCTD). 


World Circular Textiles Day takes place every year on 8th October. Our vision is to galvanise the collective ambitions and goals of people, organisations and businesses to reach a fully circular textiles world by 2050. Our mission is to provide a framework for circularity stakeholders to develop and deliver a collaborative, evolving roadmap and to chart circularity’s momentum annually from the 8th of October until 2050.

What does fully circular by 2050 mean?
- Shared textile resources, in the form of products and raw materials, are kept in **continual circulation**.
- Virgin resources are **replaced with circular materials**.
- Dignity, equity, and equality for the **people** involved in all parts of the circular value chain.

We need to know where we stand today to chart how to get to 100% Circularity by 2050. What circular activity is currently happening in the textiles and apparel industry, and where in the world is it happening? The WCTD Collection aims to answer this question by building the world’s largest digital library of circular textiles case studies. 

World Circular Textiles Day is proud to be supported by our 2022-23 Circular Hero Partners:
[Lenzing](https://www.lenzing.com/), [Texaid](https://retailsolutions.texaid.com/), [Bank & Vogue](https://www.bankvogue.com/), [Usha yarns limited](https://ushayarns.com/), [The Conduit](https://www.theconduit.com/), and [Asia Pacific Rayon](https://www.aprayon.com/en/)

## Want to contribute to the WCTD Collection? Sign up and add your circular textiles activities.

World Circular Textiles Day

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Selling high quality, long-lasting products

Sale of durable, long-lasting goods

Utrecht

Berlin

Vilnius

United Wardrobe

Vinted is a Lithuanian online marketplace and community that allows its users to sell, buy, and swap new or secondhand items, mainly clothing and accessories. In 2020, Vinted bought its Dutch rival United Wardrobe. Currently Vinted has as many as 45 million members in 14 countries.

Vinted 

Verumteilt is a NGO who organizes swap parties. The amount of pieces donated by the attendee is equal to the amount of pieces that are allowed to be taken home.

Verumteilt extends the life of clothing with swap parties

FilippaK is a Swedish brand who educates consumers on how to best mend their garments to extend the life-time, whilst also providing a means to do so. The brand has a leasing business model in operation to further avoid post-consumer waste. Finally, FilippaK is using a digital app to further enhance it's take-back scheme for its own second-hand garments which are sold in a brand owned second-hand store.