- Replace animal feed with agricultural or food waste
- Less packaging on food products
- Food sufficiency (keep caloric supply per person to 2,700 a day)
- Decrease purchases of food product categories by households as a consequence of all (or a part of) population reducing overall caloric intake

Saving: 2.07 Gt emissions and 3.40 Gt material use

The framework consists of 21 complementary interventions, across six scenarios - one for each of the six societal needs we model. These interventions can mitigate climate impact by curbing GHG emissions

Note: interventions are currently focused on:
- 🏠 Housing 
- 🍎 Nutrition
- 🚗 Mobility
- 👚📺 Consumables
- 👩‍⚕️👨‍⚕️ Healthcare
-  🔊 Communication

These 21 interventions are spread across six societal needs and wants, with a set of solutions. Within these solutions are strategies on ’how to get there'.  

The framework moves beyond incremental action and provides solutions that will require behavioral change (dietary shifts towards less meat consumption, for example) and the adoption of state-of-the-art technologies in the industry to mitigate emissions in hard-to-abate sectors (such as steel manufacturing). It illustrates how continued globalisation can benefit from the uptake of digital solutions. The combined interventions showcase the mitigation potential that begins where the current country pledges end; illustrating the additional impact our interventions can bring to the NDCs. In short, the interventions provide input for a more profound fundamental transformation than the more current pathways that make up the vast majority of NDCs. 

Together, the combined interventions can almost double the current global Circularity Metric of 8.6%, bringing it to 17%. 

This results in:
• Shrinking global material use and extraction by 28%. 
• Cutting global GHG emissions by 39%—fully closing the Emissions Gap as defined in our report and taking into account the updated NDCs.
• Allowing the world to achieve the Paris Agreement’s goal of keeping at 1.5-degrees of warming by 2032.

*This framework was developed in the Circularity Gap Report 2021. Read more about it [here](https://www.circle-economy.com/resources/circularity-gap-report-2021)*






Global Circularity Gap Report

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An intervention-based framework for nations and stakeholders working towards circular countries

🍎 Reduce excess consumption

- Replace traditional polluting stoves with clean ones

Saving: 0.97 Gt emissions and 0.41 Gt material use

🍎  Clean cooking stoves

- Consume mostly plant-based diets: Eliminate or decrease purchases of certain product categories by households as a consequence of a share of the population refusing or reducing consumption of animal-based food products.                                                                       The population is divided into segments (ks) and their purchases of food products change based on diet scenarios. Three main diets are identified: vegan (no animal-based food), vegetarian (no meat-based food), and Mediterranean (less meat-based food for fish and vegetables).

- Consume more balanced diets: decrease purchases of food product categories by households as a consequence of all (or a part of) population reducing overall calorific intake

- Eat less sugary foods and beverages
- Eat less processed foods

Saving: 1.32 Gt emissions and 0.42 Gt material use 

🍎 Healthy diet 

- Organic food, seasonal & fresh food
- Eliminate the need for chemical fertilisers and pesticide
- Regional-local food
- Produce your own food
- Sustainable biomass certifications
- Shift towards locally produced food in the hospitality sector with a policy focus on national food self-sufficiency.                   

Saving: 2.07 Gt emissions and 3.40 Gt material use

🍎 Sustainable food production

The second biggest category in terms of resource use is the need for nutrition. Agricultural products such as crops and livestock require 21.8 billion tonnes yearly. Food products have short lifecycles in our economy, being consumed quickly after production.

