The government of Tanzania, in collaboration with the world bank, is implementing a policy scheme for efficient water use. The project is intended to benefit small holder famers in the country. Rapid population growth and urbanisation is having an increasing impact on urban policy and development—and the World Bank notes that any strategies must be underpinned by water security, stemming from improved water management. Tanzania has formed a policy, legislative and institutional framework that aims to bestow the state custodianship of water and create a hierarchy of water use priorities. The project will also address social issues by carrying out activities that aim to close gender gaps in water use decision making, as well as improve livelihood resilience in agriculture, by supporting public sector accountability. Success of the project will be measured by numerous indicators, including the number of people under increased measures for drought risk mitigation, farmers reached with agricultural assets or services and farmers reached with alternative livelihood activities.